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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 236-675-5 | CAS number: 13463-67-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Flammability
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- flammable solids
- Type of information:
- other: handbook data
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- not applicable- handbook data
- Test procedure:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: TiO2 is noncombustible
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Titanium dioxide is not combustible
- Endpoint:
- substances / mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the experience in production or handling shows that the substance does not react with water, e.g. the substance is manufactured with water or washed with water
- Endpoint:
- pyrophoric solids
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is known to be stable in contact with air at room temperature for prolonged periods of time (days) and hence, the classification procedure does not need to be applied
Referenceopen allclose all
Titanium dioxide is a noncombustible [1,4] inorganic oxide, in which the cation is in its highest possible oxidation state (Ti4+), and which is therefore incapable of further reaction with oxygen, it is intrinsically not combustible. In the relevant production processes of Ti and TiO2 temperatures above 1000 °C up to 1500 °C were reached. [2,3,5]. Considering that TiO2 was produced by high temperature, testing of flammability is not required.
Sulphate process [2]
FeTiO3 + 2H2SO4 -> TiOSO4 + FeSO4 + 2H2O
TiOSO4 -> (OH-)-> TiO2nH2O + H2SO4
TiO2nH2O->(heat)-> TiO2+ nH2O
Chloride process [2]
TiO2(impure) + 2Cl2+ C -> TiCl4+ CO2
TiCl4+ O2 ->TiO2(pure) + 2Cl2
Kroll-process [5,6]
FeTiO3 + C -> Fe + TiO2 + CO
TiO2 + 2C+Cl2 ->TiCl4 + 2CO
TiCL4 + 2Mg -> Ti + 2MgCl2
Since titanium dioxide is intrinsically not combustible and based on the fact that it is produced by high temperatures, TiO2 can safely be assumed not to be ignitable under the conditions given in EU-Method A.10. (Flammability solids). Further, it is noted that despite long-term industrial use of the substance, it is not classified in Division 4.1 Flammable solid according to UN transport regulations.
[1] https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-160/pdfs/2011-160.pdf
[2] https://arquivo.pt/wayback/20110124235702/http://www.huntsman.com/pigments/Media/Manufacture_and_Generals_Properties.pdf
[3] Bordbar, H., Production of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) from titanium ores: A review, Polyolefins Journal, Vol.4, No.2 (2017)
[4] http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_version=2&p_card_id=0338
[5] Holleman, A. F. & Wiberg, E., Inorganic Chemistry, Academic Press: San Diego, 2001
[6] Mortimer, C. & Müller, U., Chemie-Basiswissen der Chemie, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 2003
Description of key information
Titanium dioxide is noncombustible, does not emmit flammable gases in contact with water and has no pyrophoric properties.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Flammability:
- not classified
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
Titanium dioxide does not need to be classified according to CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 since it is not highly flammable.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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