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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-778-1 | CAS number: 7726-95-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Appearance and physical state
Bromine is a dense, dark-red, fuming, highly corrosive and lacrimatory liquid at ordinary pressures and temperatures. The vapour is amber coloured and the solid is almost black. Bromine has a strong, pungent odour.
Melting point/freezing point
The melting point of bromine is -7.25 °C.
Boiling point
The boiling point of bromine is between 58.8 and 59.7 °C.
Density
The density of liquid bromine ranged from 3.0879 at 30 °C to 3.1396 at 15 °C.
Vapour pressure
The measured vapour pressure was reported as 2.8E04 Pa (212 mm Hg) at 25ºC.
Partition coefficient
Bromine is an inorganic substance. A calculated estimate of the log Pow is 1.03.
Water solubility
Bromine is very soluble in water, 33.6 g/L at 25 ºC.
Solubility and stability in organic solvents
Bromine is soluble to infinitely soluble in many organic solvents (carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methylene chloride, carbon disulfide, alkyl bromides, ether, methanol, 48% hydrobromic acid, concentrated HCl, aqueous metallic halides, benzene, gasoline, ethanol, and hydrogen sulfide.
Stability in organic substances is not required for an inorganic substance.
Surface tension
Based on the ECHA integrated testing strategy for surface tension, an experimental determination for this endpoint is not required. Bromine does not contain structural alerts (e.g., -SO3-, -SO4-, -[OCH2CH2]n, -N+[CH3]3) nor does it cause foaming; therefore, no testing is required.
Flash point
Determination of a flash point is not required for inorganic substances.
Autoflammability
Bromine is flammable in liquid or vapor form in the presence of reducing agents.
Flammability
Bromine is not combustible but is flammable in conjunction with antimony, boron, cesium acetylene carbide, chlorotrifluoroethylene, copper hydride, cuprous acetylide, fluorine, germanium, lithium carbide, magnesium phosphide, phosphine, phosphorus, phosphorus oxide, phosphorus trioxide, rubidium acetylene carbide, rubidium carbide, and sodium acetylene carbide, strontium phosphide and zirconium dicarbide.
Explosivity
Bromine is an inorganic substance that does not contain a chemical group associated with explosivity. In addition an explosive substance or mixture is a solid or liquid substance or mixture of substances which is in itself capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to the surroundings. Bromine is an oxidizing agent and is known to react with other chemical agents in an explosive manner, but this property does not conform with the requirement for classification as an explosive substance.
Oxidising properties
Bromine is a strong oxidising agent. It reacts with a variety substances in an explosive manner (Bretherick, 1990; Quincy, 2002)
Oxidation reduction potential
Elemental Bromine is a strong oxidizing substance with a normal redox potential of 1.07 v at 25 ºC. The normal redox potential of elemental chlorine is 1.4 v.
Dissociation constant
In water, bromine rapidly hydrolyses to form hypobromous acid (HOBr):
Br2+ H2O → HOBr + H++ Br- (hydrolysis constant 5.8 x 10-9at 25 ºC).
In pure aqueous solutions, the species present are molecular bromine (Br2),hypobromous acid, and the hypobromite ion resulting from the dissociation of hypobromous acid.
HOBr = OBr-+ H+
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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