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EC number: 204-402-9 | CAS number: 120-51-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 14.1 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 25
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/m³
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 352.63 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEC = 352.63 mg/m³ (400 x 1/0,38 x 5/5 x50/100 x 6.7/10)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from subchronic study to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- not required: already accounted for in route to route extrapolation
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default value (worker)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value (worker)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 70.5 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- DNEL extrapolated from long term DNEL
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 4 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation for subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default value (rat study used as starting point)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default value (workers)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Systemic inhalation:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEC = 352.63 mg/m³ (400 x 1/0,38 x 5/5 x50/100 x 6.7/10)
Application of assessment factors of 1 (default value for dose-response relationship), 2 (for duration: extrapolation from a sub-chronic study to chronic exposure), 2.5 (for interspecies differences), 5 (for intraspecies differences; default values for workers), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall assessment factor of 25. Application of the overall assessment factor to the corrected starting point gives a DNEL value of 14.1 mg/m³.
Bioavailability: animal experiment oral/inhalation: 50/100
Acute/short-term
Short-term DNEL is derived from long-term DNEL by the use of a factor 5.
Local
Long term and short term local inhalation DNEL values are not proposed in the absence of any identified hazard.
Systemic dermal:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
The long term dermal DNEL value was derived using default ECHA assessment factors. Application of assessment factors of 1 (for dose response), 2 (extrapolation from a subchronic to chronic exposure), 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (additional interspecies differences) and 5 (intraspecies differences), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall AF of 100 and a DNEL of 4.0 mg/kg bw/d.
Acute/short-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified for dermal toxicity.
Local
Long-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified as a skin irritant or sensitiser.
Acute/short-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified as a skin irritant or sensitiser.
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 2.48 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 124.2 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEC = 124.2 mg/m³ (400 x 1/1,15 x 50/100 x 5/7)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation for subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- not required: already accounted for in route to route extrapolation
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value (general population)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 12.4 mg/m³
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- DNEL extrapolated from long term DNEL
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.42 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 285.7 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
285.7 mg/kg (400 x 5/7)
5/7 = exposition animals/exposition general population [days].
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation for subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default value for rats
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Dermal
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.42 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 285.7 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
285.7 mg/kg (400 x 5/7)
5/7 = exposition animals/exposition general population [days].
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from subchronic study to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default value (rat study used as starting point)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Systemic inhalation:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEC = 124.2 mg/m³ (400 x 1/1,15 x 50/100 x 5/7)
Application of assessment factors of 1 (default value for dose-response relationship), 2 (for duration: extrapolation from a sub-chronic study to chronic exposure), 2.5 (for interspecies differences), 10 (for intraspecies differences; default values for the general population), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall assessment factor of 50. Application of the overall assessment factor to the corrected starting point gives a DNEL value of 2.48 mg/m³.
Bioavailability: animal experiment (oral)/inhalation: 50/100.
Acute/short-term
Short-term DNEL is derived from long-term DNEL by the use of a factor 5.
Local
Long term and short term local inhalation DNEL values are not proposed in the absence of any identified hazard.
Systemic dermal:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEL: 285.7 mg/kg (400 x 5/7)
5/7 = exposition animals/exposition general population [days].
Application of assessment factors of 1 (for dose response), 2 (extrapolation from a subchronic to chronic exposure), 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (additional interspecies differences) and 10 (intraspecies differences), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall AF of 200 and a DNEL of 1.42 mg/kg bw/d.
Acute/short-term
Short-term DNEL is derived from long-term DNEL by the use of a factor 5.
Local
Long-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified as a skin irritant or sensitiser.
Acute/short-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified as an irritant or sensitiser.
Oral systemic:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEL = 285.7 mg/kg (400 x 5/7)
5/7 = exposition animals/exposition general population [days].
Application of assessment factors of 1 (for dose response), 2 (extrapolation from a subchronic to chronic exposure), 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (additional interspecies differences) and 10 (intraspecies differences), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall AF of 200 and a DNEL of 1.42 mg/kg bw/d.
Acute/short-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified for oral toxicity.
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