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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 204-402-9 | CAS number: 120-51-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 14.1 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 25
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/m³
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 352.63 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEC = 352.63 mg/m³ (400 x 1/0,38 x 5/5 x50/100 x 6.7/10)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from subchronic study to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- not required: already accounted for in route to route extrapolation
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default value (worker)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value (worker)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 70.5 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- DNEL extrapolated from long term DNEL
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 4 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation for subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default value (rat study used as starting point)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default value (workers)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Systemic inhalation:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEC = 352.63 mg/m³ (400 x 1/0,38 x 5/5 x50/100 x 6.7/10)
Application of assessment factors of 1 (default value for dose-response relationship), 2 (for duration: extrapolation from a sub-chronic study to chronic exposure), 2.5 (for interspecies differences), 5 (for intraspecies differences; default values for workers), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall assessment factor of 25. Application of the overall assessment factor to the corrected starting point gives a DNEL value of 14.1 mg/m³.
Bioavailability: animal experiment oral/inhalation: 50/100
Acute/short-term
Short-term DNEL is derived from long-term DNEL by the use of a factor 5.
Local
Long term and short term local inhalation DNEL values are not proposed in the absence of any identified hazard.
Systemic dermal:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
The long term dermal DNEL value was derived using default ECHA assessment factors. Application of assessment factors of 1 (for dose response), 2 (extrapolation from a subchronic to chronic exposure), 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (additional interspecies differences) and 5 (intraspecies differences), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall AF of 100 and a DNEL of 4.0 mg/kg bw/d.
Acute/short-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified for dermal toxicity.
Local
Long-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified as a skin irritant or sensitiser.
Acute/short-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified as a skin irritant or sensitiser.
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 2.48 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 124.2 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEC = 124.2 mg/m³ (400 x 1/1,15 x 50/100 x 5/7)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation for subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- not required: already accounted for in route to route extrapolation
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value (general population)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 12.4 mg/m³
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- DNEL extrapolated from long term DNEL
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.42 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 285.7 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
285.7 mg/kg (400 x 5/7)
5/7 = exposition animals/exposition general population [days].
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation for subchronic to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default value for rats
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Dermal
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.42 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 400 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 285.7 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
285.7 mg/kg (400 x 5/7)
5/7 = exposition animals/exposition general population [days].
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- extrapolation from subchronic study to chronic exposure
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- default value (rat study used as starting point)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- default value
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Systemic inhalation:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEC = 124.2 mg/m³ (400 x 1/1,15 x 50/100 x 5/7)
Application of assessment factors of 1 (default value for dose-response relationship), 2 (for duration: extrapolation from a sub-chronic study to chronic exposure), 2.5 (for interspecies differences), 10 (for intraspecies differences; default values for the general population), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall assessment factor of 50. Application of the overall assessment factor to the corrected starting point gives a DNEL value of 2.48 mg/m³.
Bioavailability: animal experiment (oral)/inhalation: 50/100.
Acute/short-term
Short-term DNEL is derived from long-term DNEL by the use of a factor 5.
Local
Long term and short term local inhalation DNEL values are not proposed in the absence of any identified hazard.
Systemic dermal:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEL: 285.7 mg/kg (400 x 5/7)
5/7 = exposition animals/exposition general population [days].
Application of assessment factors of 1 (for dose response), 2 (extrapolation from a subchronic to chronic exposure), 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (additional interspecies differences) and 10 (intraspecies differences), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall AF of 200 and a DNEL of 1.42 mg/kg bw/d.
Acute/short-term
Short-term DNEL is derived from long-term DNEL by the use of a factor 5.
Local
Long-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified as a skin irritant or sensitiser.
Acute/short-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified as an irritant or sensitiser.
Oral systemic:
Long-term
The sub-chronic oral NOAEL of 400 mg/kg bw/d of benzyl alcohol (CAS 100-51-6) as a surrogate for benzyl benzoate (CAS 120-51-4) is used.
Corrected NOAEL = 285.7 mg/kg (400 x 5/7)
5/7 = exposition animals/exposition general population [days].
Application of assessment factors of 1 (for dose response), 2 (extrapolation from a subchronic to chronic exposure), 4 (allometric scaling), 2.5 (additional interspecies differences) and 10 (intraspecies differences), 1 (for database quality) and 1 (for remaining uncertainties) results in an overall AF of 200 and a DNEL of 1.42 mg/kg bw/d.
Acute/short-term
Benzyl benzoate is not classified for oral toxicity.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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