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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 236-068-5 | CAS number: 13138-45-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Relevant data for Bioaccumulation endpoints and Adsorption/Desorption endpoints are available. Stability and Biodegradation are not applicable endpoints for nickel, as reported in the 2008/2009 European Union Risk Assessment for Nickel.
Link between Transformation/dissolution data and read-across approach justification
Under environmentally relevant conditions, nickel salts readily dissociate upon dissolution in aqueous media. Dissociation is a reversible process and the proportion of dissociated salt present is dependent on the pH and composition of the solution and the metal-ligand dissociation constant of the salt.Upon dissolution and dissociation, the environmental fate and behavior the nickel ion and associated anion can be measured or estimated within the environmental compartments (water, air, sediment and soil). For metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds, the transformation/dissolution protocol (T/DP, OECD 29) is designed to determine the rate and extent to which metals and SSMCs can produce soluble available ionic and other metal-bearing species in aqueous media under a set of standard laboratory conditions representative of those generally occurring in the environment. Once determined, this information can be used to evaluate the short-term and long-term aquatic toxicity of the metal or sparingly soluble metal compound from which the soluble species came.
Physicochemical and ecotoxicological data for the nickel ion is therefore essential to understanding the environmental fate and toxicological characteristics of the nickel metal, compounds, and SSMCs. Data for the metal ions can be represented by fate and toxicity data generated with simple metal salts (e.g., chloride or nitrate salts). For example, the potential hazards associated with nickel metal can be estimated by 1) measuring the rate and extent of the release of nickel ions from nickel metal using the T/DP test; and, 2) through the evaluation of the nickel free ion tested using a soluble nickel compound (e.g., nickel chloride). Thus, data for each individual nickel compounds or SSMC and the individual metal can be used to “read-across” to characterize the hazard of another nickel compound.
Read-across justification is provided as an attachment (see Attached Appendices).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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