Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 701-160-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- April 2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Stability in water: insoluble according to the SDS - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations:
Limit test:
As precedent toxicity experiments showed very low effect, it was decided to test GRAPHISTRENGTH C 100 at final concentrations of 500 mg/L and 5000 mg/L.
Each suspension was prepared separetely by weighing of the convenient amount of the test item in 16 mL of the synthetic sewage feed and dilution to the final concentration.
Implementation of tests:
The tests were carried out in 500 ml flasks in the following repartition:
16 mL of the synthetic sewage feed containing the test item, adequate volume of ultra-pure water, 20 mL of sludge suspension.
At T0, the first control (control 1) without test item is prepared.
Then, every 15 min, the other vessels with different concentrations of item are prepared in turn.
Finally the second control (control 2) is prepared.
All suspensions are aerated and stirred during 3 hours and incubated at 20+/-2°C without light.
Then a sample of each mixture is poured into a BOD bottle.
The oxygen electrode is inserted into the bottle. The oxygen concentration is measured every minute in a period of 10 min.
The dissolved oxygen concentrations are determined electrochemically using an oxygen electrode and meter.
- Sampling method:
Test solution of 3-5 dichlorophenol:
A 0.5 g/L stock solution of 3-5 dichlorophenol in ultra-pure water is used for preparing the different tested solutions from 2.5 to 40 mg/L with factor of 2.5.
- Composition of synthetic sewage feed:
A synthetic sewage feed is made by dissolving the following solutions in 1 L of ultra-pure water:
16 g peptone, 11 g meat extract, 3 g urea, 0.7 g sodium chlorure, 0.4 g calcium chlorid dihydrate CaCl3, 2H2O
0.25 g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Mg SO4, 7 H2O
2.8 g di-potassium hydrogen phosphate K2HPO4. - Vehicle:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge, domestic
- Details on inoculum:
- Preparation of inoculum:
The inoculum comes from the activated sludge of the biological domestic wastewater treatment plant from the city of Abidos.
The effluent, obtained one day before seeding the flasks, is centrifuged at approximately 20 °C for 20 min at 4000g.
The base is re-suspended in ultra-pure water in order to keep the concentrations unchanged with respect to the sample.
The amount of dry material in the inoculum is determined by dessiccation at 105°C until a constant weight
From this result the amount of wet sludge can be calculated in order to obtain an activated sludge with a micture liquor suspended solids level of 4 g/L. Teh inoculum is preconditioned (aeration). Every day, 50 ml/L of synthetic sewage feed are added until the day the flasks are inoculated.
Values of suspended solids was 4.6 g/L. Then a dilution was ued to obtain 1 g/L. This level corresponds to a dose of 0.4 g/L in the test medium. - Test type:
- other: stirring by means of a covered magnet
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- observation after the 3 h of exposure
- Hardness:
- Concerning hardness, no information is clearly given inthe document, consequently we consider that the estimation is done for 10-250 mg CaCO3/L.
- Test temperature:
- 20+/2°C
- pH:
- Concerning pH, no information is clearly given in the document, consequently we consider that the estimation is done for 6.0-8.5 .
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Concerning dissolved oxygen, no information is clearly given inthe document, consequently we consider that the estimation is done for at least 60% of the air saturation.
- Salinity:
- Fresh water test
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 2.5, 6.4, 16 and 40 mg/L for the principal tests
500 and 5000 mg/L for the limit test - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5 dichlorophenol
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 5 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 500 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The sensitivity of the test system and the methodology is evaluated with 3,5 dichlorophenol.
An EC50-3h value of 14 mg/L was obtained, which is within the validity specified range from 5 to 30 mg/L. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Quality criteria of the study:
- The difference in respiration rates between the two controls was 5% which is below 15%
- the EC50 of 3,5 dichlorophenol is 14 mg/L which is between 5 and 30 mg/L - Executive summary:
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the test item on bacteria according to the OECD guideline 209 “Activated sludge, respiration inhibition test”
The effect is assessed by measuring the microorganisms respiration rate on a sample of activated sludge during an incubation period of 3 hours.
The method was applied with respect to the different criteria:
- The difference of respiration rates between the two controls was below 15%
- EC50 of the control test with the reference item 3,5 dichlorophenol was between 5 and 30 mg/L (14 mg/L)
Two nominal concentrations were tested: 500 and 5000 mg/L. GRAPHISTRENGTH C 100 did not show any effect on the respiration of the activated sludge in the conditions of the test at the concentration of 500 mg/L. At 5000 mg/L an inhibition of respiration of 42.6 % was observed. In conclusion, EC50-3h is higher than 5000 mg/L
Reference
Description of key information
GRAPHISTRENGTH C 100 did not show any effect on the respiration of the activated sludge in the conditions of the OECD 209 test at the concentration of 500 mg/L. At 5000 mg/L an inhibition of respiration of 42.6 % was observed. In conclusion, EC50-3h is higher than 5000 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 500 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
![ECHA](/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/echa_logo.png)