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EC number: 240-968-3 | CAS number: 16919-19-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- other: Case report
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- Publication date - 07 September 1985
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 985
- Report date:
- 1985
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- A case report describing irritant reactions in a foam rubber carrier (worker)
- Endpoint addressed:
- skin irritation / corrosion
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- disodium;hexafluorosilicon(2-)
- Cas Number:
- 16893-85-9
- Molecular formula:
- Na2SiF6
- IUPAC Name:
- disodium;hexafluorosilicon(2-)
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Name: Sodium hexafluorosilicate.
Method
- Ethical approval:
- not applicable
- Details on study design:
- A case is reported of a foam rubber carrier with pustular lesions on the arms, wrists, thighs and trunk. Scratch and patch testing with the foam rubber components was carried. Sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na2SiF6), one of the ingredients of the foam rubber, was suspected for these reactions, which was investigated in a study with rabbits.
- Details on exposure:
- Case Report
A 23-year-old man with no history of atopy or other skin disease had skin lesions for 5 weeks, They consisted of diffuse, poorly delineated, erythematous plaques with lichenoid papules and large pustules, some of which were umbilicated with superficial central necrosis. They were mainly on the flexor forearms and wrists above the gloves, on the front of the thighs and sparsely on the trunk. The patient had slight pain but no itching. He related it to his work, since the lesions occurred 1 week after he began work in a foam-rubber plant and were located only where he had contact with "wet" foam-rubber materials (pillows, mattresses). They improved without treatment at weekends and during short vacations, leaving only punctate pigmentation. They would recur on the second day after he returned to work and increase in intensity as the week proceeded.
Many of his workmates had similar, though less pronounced, complaints (erythema, desquamation, slight itching), particularly towards the end of the week.
Results and discussion
- Results:
- Investigations:
(i) Bacteriological cultures were taken from the pustules twice but were negative; mycological cultures yielded no growth.
(ii) Biopsy showed a sub-corneal vesicle filled with polymorphonuclear cells, cellular debris, and fibrinous exudate. This is similar to pustular psoriasis or an acute inflammatory response to trauma and infection. In the dermis, there was a discrete perivascular infiltrate with polymorphonuclear cells. PAS stain was negative. There were no signs of allergic or irritant dermatitis, folliculitis, or miliaria.
Patch testing with the standard series was negative after 48 and 96 h. Patch tests with the raw material (liquid latex, as is and open test) and most of the additives (sulphur, 2.5% pet.; sodium hexafluorosilicate, 0.5% aq.; zinc di-ethyldithiocarbamate, 1 % pet.; 1,3-diphenyl-guanidine, 1% pet.; carboxymethylcellulose, 3% pet.) and the rinse water (pH =neutral) were negative after 48 and 96 h.
Of the component parts of the foam-rubber objects, sodium hexafluorosilicate, which is a gelifier essential for the structural formation of the foam rubber, was the likely cause since fluorides (ammonium fluoride NH4F, and sodium fluoride NaF) are known pustulogens.
(iv) Scratch testing with sodium hexafluoro-silicate (Na2SiF6) (2% aq.) and the rinse water were negative after 48 and 96 h. A 48-h use test (3 applications a day on the forearm) yielded only slight itching and barely visible papules to the rinse water.
(v) Animal testing on rabbits was performed with Na2SiF6 in the following concentrations: 1%, 5 %, 10%, and 25% (in pet.) and with the rinse water. Pustules were obtained on normal skin with 25% Na2SiF6 (2 out of 10 sites), on stabbed skin with all concentrations, and with the rinse water (3 out of 10 sites).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- A case was reported of a foam rubber carrier with pustular lesions on the arms, wrists, thighs and trunk. Scratch and patch testing with the foam rubber components to investigate sensitisation/allergic potential was negative. Animal testing revealed sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na2SiF6), one of the ingredients of the foam rubber, to be a pustulogen on previously damaged skin.
- Executive summary:
A case was reported of a foam rubber carrier with pustular lesions on the arms, wrists, thighs and trunk. Scratch and patch testing with the foam rubber components to investigate sensitisation/allergic potential was negative. Animal testing revealed sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na2SiF6), one of the ingredients of the foam rubber, to be a pustulogen on previously damaged skin.
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