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EC number: 936-414-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Report date:
- 2007
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.6 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.2600 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- deviation: analytical determinations of the stability of the formulations in vaseline for administration were not performed.
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- Guideline guinea pig maximisation test that followed sound scientific principles.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- carbon
- EC Number:
- 936-414-1
- Molecular formula:
- C
- IUPAC Name:
- carbon
- Test material form:
- solid: nanoform, no surface treatment
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- other: Crl: HA
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River (Kißlegg, Germany)
- Age at study initiation: 5-6 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 338-390 g
- Housing: 2 or 5 animals per cage
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 +/- 3
- Humidity (%): 40 - 70
- Air changes (per hr): at least 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Inductionopen allclose all
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: vaseline
- Concentration / amount:
- 1st induction: 23.8 %
2nd induction: 23.8 %
Challenge: 23.8 %
Challengeopen allclose all
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: vaseline
- Concentration / amount:
- 1st induction: 23.8 %
2nd induction: 23.8 %
Challenge: 23.8 %
- No. of animals per dose:
- 20 (test group); 10 (control group); 5 (dose-range finding group)
- Details on study design:
- FIRST INDUCTION (topical with regard to test substance; intradermal with regard to Freund´s adjuvant):
The dorsal region and the flanks of the guinea pigs were shorn one day prior to the application. Starting behind the nape of the neck, two injections each in a row were made on the left and the right side of the spinal column. Hypoallergenic patches (2 cm x 4 cm) were placed between the injection sites, covered with aluminium foil and held securely in place for 24 hours on the skin using a ORABAND® selfadhesive tape (Fa. Orafol).
The animals were treated as folIows:
Four injections (cranial/bilateral): complete Freund's adjuvant (DIFCO LAB.) diluted 1:1 with sterile physiological saline solution. The test item was not applicable to injections. The volume applied per injection site was 0.1 ml.
The patches were treated as folIows:
a) Test itern group: 250 mg BAYTUBES C 150 PI 1.0 ml vaseline
b) Contral graup: 0.5 ml vaseline
At the end of the 24-hour exposure period, the remaining test item was removed with sterile physiological saline. The injection sites and the treatment area between the injections were visually assessed 2 and 7 days after the injection.
SECOND INDUCTION:
The topical induction was performed one week after the intradermal induction. One day prior to topical treatment, the test areas of the animals were shorn. Hypoallergenic patches (2 cm x 4 cm) were placed between and on the injection sites, covered with aluminium foil and held securely in place on the skin using a ORABAND® self-adhesive tape (Fa. Orafol).
The patches were treated as folIows:
a) Test item group: 250 mg BAYTUBES C 150 PI 1.0 ml vaseline
b) Control group: 0.5 ml vaseline
At the end of the 48-hour exposure period, the remaining test item was removed with sterile physiological saline.
CHALLENGE:
The challenge was performed three weeks after the intradermal induction. The dorsal region and the right flank of the animals were shorn one day prior to the challenge. During the challenge a hypoallergenic patch loaded with the 23.8 % test item paste was placed on the right flank (caudal) of the animals of the test item group and the control group and held securely in place on the skin with an ORABAND® self-adhesive tape for 24 hours. A patch only loaded with 0.5 ml vaseline was placed also on the right flank (cranial) as control. At the end of the exposure period, the remaining test item was removed with sterile physiological saline and twenty-one hours later the treated areas were shorn in the zone of the challenge area.
The doses for the induction and challenge treatments were selected on the basis of the results of a dose range-finding study using 5 animals. - Challenge controls:
- see "Details on study design"
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- alpha hexyl cinnamic aldehyde
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- Using a 5% formulation of alpha hexyl cinnamic aldehyde for intradermal induction, a 25 % formulation for topical induction and 6% formulation for challenge, 90 % of the test animals exhibited dermal reactions. There was no reddening of the skin to be observed on control group animals.
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 23.8 % test substance formulation
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 23.8 % test substance formulation. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 72
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 23.8 % test substance formulation
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 72.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 23.8 % test substance formulation. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 23.8 % test substance formulation
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 23.8 % test substance formulation. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 72
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 23.8 % test substance formulation
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 72.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 23.8 % test substance formulation. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Group:
- positive control
- Remarks on result:
- other: 90 % of the test animals exhibited dermal reactions
Any other information on results incl. tables
Appearance and behaviour of the test itern group were not different from the control group.
At the end of the study, the mean body weight of the treatment group animals was in the same range than that of the control group animals.
After the intradermal induction of FCA (first induction) the animals in the control group and test item group showed after 48 hours at the injection sites: red wheals.
After 7 days the following effects were recorded at the injection sites in the control group and in the test item group: wheals and encrustation.
There were no skin effects (redness) on the treatment areas between the injection sites (FCA) of the first induction in the control or test item group after 48 hours and 7 days.
The challenge with the 23.8 % test item concentration did not lead to skin effects in the animals of the test item group and the control group.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
In a guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) according to OECD TG 406 Baytubes C150 P (formulated in vaseline) revealed no skin sensitizing potential at a challenge concentrations of 23.8 %. None of the female test or control animals exhibited skin effects after 48 and 72 hours readings..
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