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EC number: 433-460-1 | CAS number: 210880-92-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 14 Aug - 11 Sep, 2000
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants)
- Version / remarks:
- 1998
- Deviations:
- no
- Remarks:
- stated in the report. According to OECD current guideline 232: 5 replicates in control instead of 8, peat content of 10% instead of 5%.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Niedersächsisches Umweltministerium, delivered on 07 Jul, 1997
- Application method:
- mixed into soil
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- The dosages in mg product/kg dry weight were applied once at test begin for all replicates of one treatment into the test medium. The test item was dissolved in 25 mL demineralised water, additionally 9.6 mL demineralised water were given to the test medium to adjust a humidity of 40 - 60% of the maximal water capacity. The test substrate was mixed with a long handled blender for at least three minutes to insure a homogeneous distribution of the test item. Afterwards soil amounts (30 g wet weight per replicate) were distributed to the single replicates. To insure easy immigration of springtails the substrate in the test containers was not compressed.
- Test organisms (species):
- Folsomia candida
- Animal group:
- Collembola (soil-dwelling springtail)
- Details on test organisms:
- Folsomia candida was bred at the test facility in covered polyethylene flasks (height 7.5 cm, diameter 7 cm) on artificial soil containing 90% w/w calcium sulphate dihydrate and 10% w/w powdered activated charcoal.
Juvenile springtails (10-12 days old) were used.
The springtails were fed with granulated dry yeast of commercially available quality. - Study type:
- laboratory study
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
- Test temperature:
- 18.5 - 21.5°C
- pH (if soil or dung study):
- 5.90 - 6.36
- Humidity:
- 40-60% of the WHC
- Photoperiod and lighting:
- 16 h light / 8 h dark about 587.3 lux
- Details on test conditions:
- Artificial soil as test medium consists of components as follows:
-10 % peat, air dried and finely ground
- 20 % kaolin (kaolinite content > 30 %)
- 69 % quartz sand (sand with > 50 % particles sized 50-200 µm)
- 0.4 % calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
Glass beakers with a volume of 100 mL were used and covered with PARAFILM.
5 replicates per dosage of test and reference item and control were used with 10 juvenile springtails per replicate - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0.01, 0.032, 0.1, 0.32 and 1.0 mg product/kg soil dry weight
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- E 605 FORTE (Parathion / 520 g/L)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.76 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.32 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Details on results:
- The mean number of juveniles found in the untreated control was 697. The mean number of juveniles of the test item treatments 0.01 mg product/kg was 705, at 0.032 mg product/kg 601, at 0.1 mg product/kg 751, at 0.32 mg product/kg 606, and at 1.0 mg product/kg 252.
When compared to control group only the concentration 1.0 mg product/kg was statistically significantly different from the control (ANOVA, DUNNETT'S METHOD, p < 0.05). - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- E605 FORTE was tested as toxic reference treatment in a separate study (LC50 = 0.14 mg product/kg for corrected adult mortality and EC50 = 0.13 mg product/kg for reproduction).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- accordong to the report. For further details please refer to “Any other information on results incl. tables”.
- Conclusions:
- The present guideline study was conducted in compliance with GLP. Under the test conditions used, for Folsomia candida reproduction, the EC50 28-day was 0.76 mg a.s./kg dws and the NOEC 28-day was 0.32 mg a.s./kg dws.
Reference
Please refer to "overall remark/ attached background material" field for result tables.
Validity criteria:
- The number of juveniles in the control should be > 100 per
replicate. In this study the number of juveniles in the control group
was at least 582 juveniles per replicate.
- The coefficient of variation of the reproduction rate should be < 30 %
in control group. In this study the coefficient of variation was 14.6 %
for control group.
- The mortality in the control group should be < 20 %. In this study the
adult control mortality was 2 % in control group.
Since the the quality criteria were fulfilled the study is assumed to be
valid .
Description of key information
From key study, the 28 -day EC50 and NOEC for terrestrial arthropods exposed to the present test material were 0.76 and 0.32 mg a.s./kg dry weight soil.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Short-term EC50 or LC50 for soil dwelling arthropods:
- 0.76 mg/kg soil dw
- Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for soil dwelling arthropods:
- 0.32 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
There are eight GLP-studies available for toxicity testing to terrestrial arthropods and one of them was identified as a key study.
In the key study (2000), the chronic toxicity of test substance to collembola (Folsomia Candida) was investigated after 28-day exposure according to ISO/FDIS 11267 (1998) guidelines. The test item was incorporated into the soil. Ten female collembolan per replicate were exposed to concentrations of 0.01, 0.032, 0.1, 0.32 and 1.0 mg/kg soil dry weight, alongside with a control. The reproduction EC50 and NOEC were determined to be 0.76 and 0.32 mg a.s./kg soil d.w., respectively.
Additionally, four studies on Apis mellifera, two studies on Hypoaspis aculeifer and one study on Aphidius rhopalosphi were conducted with the substance or the formulated product. The acute LD50 for adult honey bees was 0.04426 µg a.s./bee for oral and 0.00379 µg a.s./bee contact exposure. The chronic LDD50 for adult honey bees was 0.00183 µg a.s./bee/day. The NOEC for larvae exposed to repetitive exposure (3 or 6 days) ranged from 40 to 680 µg a.s./kg diet. For H. aculeifer; the LC50 was > 100 mg a.s./kg dry weight soil and the NOEC reproduction was 148.5 mg a.s./kg dry weight soil. The LR50 forA. rhopalosiphi was 0.001448 mg/kg dry weight soil.
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