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EC number: 237-732-7 | CAS number: 13952-84-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
There is one eye irritation study (Latven, 1976) and one skin irritation study (Latven, 1976).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1976
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- other:
- Version / remarks:
- before the publication of the guideline
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- One half ml of the sample was applied to one contact and one abraded skin site under standard gauze patches on each of three albino rabbits. The entire hair clipped truck of each animal was then covered with an impervious sleeve for a period of 24 hours.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: albino
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Preparation of test site:
- other: applied on one intact and one abraded skin on each of three rabbits
- Amount / concentration applied:
- one half mL
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hours
- Observation period:
- 48 hours
- Number of animals:
- 3 rabbits
- Details on study design:
- One half ml of the sample was applied to one contact and one abraded skin site under standard gauze patches on each of three albino rabbits. The entire hair clipped truck of each animal was then covered with an impervious sleeve for a period of 24 hours.
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 15 minutes
- Score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The skin turned black within 15 minutes.24 hours after initial contact all sites consisted of large, round, black necrotic lesions.
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 15 minutes
- Score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The skin turned black within 15 minutes.24 hours after initial contact all sites consisted of large, round, black necrotic lesions.
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Time point:
- other: 15 minutes
- Score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The skin turned black within 15 minutes. 24 hours after initial contact all sites consisted of large, round, black necrotic lesions.
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1A (corrosive) based on GHS criteria
- Executive summary:
One half of the sample was applied to one intact and one abraded skin site under standard gauze patches on each of three albino rabbits. The entire hair-clipped trunk of each animal was then covered with impervious sleeve fora period of 24 hours. The sample spread well beyond the intended sites of contact and caused pain in every instance. The skin turned black within 15 minutes.Twenty-four hours after initial contact all trzated sites consisted of large (5cm) round, black, necrotic lesions. These became dry, hard, and concave within 48 hours. Subsequently they began to crack and peel, exposing raw tissues.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (corrosive)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- before 1980, comparable to OECD 405
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: albino
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Amount / concentration applied:
- one tenth ML
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 1 minutes
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 7 days
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3
- Details on study design:
- One tenth animal was placed in the conjunctival sas of both eyes of three albino rabbits. One eye of each animal was washed with flowing water initiated fifteen seconds after instillation and continued for a period of one minute; the contraleral eye remained unwashed. The irritant reactions were scored periodically for seven days.
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- 3 rabbits
- Time point:
- other: 10 min/1h/2h/4h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: not reversible within 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Remarks:
- redness
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- 3 rabbits
- Time point:
- other: 10 mn/1hr/2hr/4hr
- Score:
- 3
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks:
- after 7 days
- Remarks on result:
- other: not reversible within 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Remarks:
- chemosis
- Basis:
- other: mean
- Remarks:
- 3 rabbits
- Time point:
- other: 10 mn/1hr/2hr/4hr
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks:
- after 7 days
- Remarks on result:
- other: not reversible within 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- 3 rabbits
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: not reversible within 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Remarks:
- redness
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- 3 rabbits
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: not reversible within 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Remarks:
- chemosis
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- 3 rabbits
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: not reversible within 7 days
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Reactions in washed and unwashed eyes were identical. The cornea began to opacify immediately and opacification was virtually complete within 10 minutes (the iris and ppil were not discernible. Severe conjuntival inflammation also developed promptly. In addition, tissue necrosis appeared within minutes in portions of the conjunctivae and along the borders of the eyelids; the latter solidified within a day or two. The reaction persisted through the seventh day without change and appeared to be irreversible.
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1 (irreversible effects on the eye) based on GHS criteria
- Executive summary:
One tenth animal was placed in the conjunctival sas of both eyes of three albino rabbits. One eye of each animal was washed with flowing water initiated fifteen seconds after instillation and continued for a period of one minute; the contraleral eye remained unwashed. The irritant reactions were scored periodically for seven days. Reactions in washed and unwashed eyes were identical. The cornea began to opacify immediately and opacification was virtually complete within 10 minutes (the iris and pupil were not discernible. Severe conjunctival inflammation also developped promptly. In addition, tissue necrosis appeared within minutes in portions of the conjunctivae and along the borders of the eyelids; the latter solidified within a day or two. The reaction persisted through the seventh day without change and appeared to be irreversible.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irreversible damage)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Effects on skin irritation/corrosion:highly corrosive
Effects on eye irritation:corrosive
Justification for classification or non-classification
Proposed classification according to Regulation EC 1272/2008
Skin: corrosive cat 1A
Eye: irreversible changes; cat 1
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