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EC number: 215-290-6 | CAS number: 1319-46-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- February 2010
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline followed. Study well conducted.
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: USEPA(2002) Methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater organisms. Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Lead dinitrate
- EC Number:
- 233-245-9
- EC Name:
- Lead dinitrate
- Cas Number:
- 10099-74-8
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Pb
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Ceriodaphnia dubia
- Details on test organisms:
- - Test organisms originate from Aquatic Biosystems and maintained in dechlorinated tapwater at 26°C
- For all tests, a mass culture was started and maintained for 3 days. All mass cultures were fed with a combination of YCT and algae
- Test organisms were < 24 h old before testing
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 5.8 mg/L
See for details the table below. - Test temperature:
- 25°C
See for details the table below. - pH:
- 5.71
See for details the table below. - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- pH Nominal Pb (µg/L) Measured Pb (µg/L)
5.71 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 0, 3, 9, 17, 36, 76
6.78 0, 25, 75, 150, 300, 600 1, 18, 52, 127, 271, 569
7.18 0, 250, 350, 500, 700, 1000 0, 282, 371, 596, 820, 1161
7.27 0, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600 0, 41, 100.7, 241.0, 746, 1740.8
7.32 0, 1000,2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 3, 985, 2153, 2879, 4030,5911
7.43 0, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 0, 157, 256, 315, 421, 440
7.44(H=121.8) 0, 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 0, 261, 641, 1096, 1386, 1707
7.44 0, 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 0, 355, 723, 1097, 1584, 1851
7.48 0, 50, 150, 300, 600, 1000 0, 345, 704, 1019, 1379, 1732
7.49 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1500 0, 203, 615, 1069, 1398, 1569
7.58 0, 200, 350, 500, 650, 800 0, 180, 373, 477, 575, 907
7.8 (H=40.5) 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 0, 219, 483, 819, 1004, 1303
7.8 0, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200 0, 491, 801, 1129, 1481, 1695
7.89 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 0, 101, 236, 404, 566, 802
7.96 0, 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 0, 279, 504, 921, 1236, 1344
8.06 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1500 0, 389, 798, 1152, 1576, 1876
8.15 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 0, 345, 704, 1019, 1379, 1732
8.15(H=103.2) 0, 400, 1200, 2000, 3500, 6000 0, 271, 888, 1571, 3039, 5026
8.2 0, 400, 800, 1000, 1200, 1600 0, 416, 772, 1081, 1164, 1547
8.23 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1500 0, 355, 742, 1102, 1518, 1890
8.36 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400 2, 35, 72, 170, 91, 120, 227, 186, 182
8.58 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 1, 378, 1039, 1722, 3048, 6369 - Details on test conditions:
- 5 individuals/20 mL polyethylene cups
- 4 replicates were used for testing
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 28.8 - <= 3 115.8 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- dissolved
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 5.71
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- All acute tests were assessed for LC50 values using Maximum Likelihood Probit or Trimmed Spearman Karber method
Any other information on results incl. tables
LC values compared to the various water parameters:
pH | Hardness | Na+ | K+ | Ca2+ | Mg2+ | Cl- | SO42- | CO2 | DOC | 48h-LC50 (µg/L) |
6.78 | 5.8 | 81 | 60 | 32 | 26 | 72 | 19 | n.d. | 104 | 28.8 |
5.71 | 16.4 | 78 | 55 | 106 | 58 | 408 | 21 | n.d. | 50 | 73.56 |
7.27 | 38.1 | 640 | 65 | 295 | 86 | 767 | 71 | 216 | 100.12 | |
8.36 | 227.8 | 1475 | 181 | 1152 | 1126 | 936 | 492 | n.d. | 137 | 107.7 |
7.18 | 15.7 | 108 | 47 | 99 | 58 | 115 | 20 | n.d. | 622 | 290.33 |
7.43 | 244.4 | 1411 | 67 | 2302 | 142 | 1078 | 1528 | 555 | 321 | 318.74 |
7.96 | 50.4 | 2168 | 74.3 | 400 | 104 | 1385 | 133 | 857 | 214 | 383.79 |
7.58 | 46.1 | 1260 | 64.4 | 315 | 146 | 1063 | 85 | 506 | 213 | 394.78 |
7.8 | 40.5 | 1179 | 58.3 | 256 | 149 | 887 | 63 | 714 | 228 | 424.76 |
7.44 | 74.4 | 735 | 49.7 | 614 | 130 | 1110 | 90 | 587 | 242 | 432.77 |
7.48 | 32.1 | 2164 | 59.3 | 216 | 106 | 2066 | 119 | 428 | 216 | 446.43 |
7.89 | 99.7 | 2477 | 110 | 701 | 297 | 2198 | 204 | n.d. | 415 | 531.9 |
7.8 | 53.1 | 1216 | 66 | 361 | 170 | 1012 | 75 | 793 | 266 | 547.47 |
8.06 | 43.7 | 2937 | 69.3 | 295 | 142 | 1445 | 108 | 1715 | 228 | 571.28 |
7.49 | 35.5 | 1256 | 54.8 | 221 | 134 | 861 | 63 | 621 | 171 | 590.94 |
7.44 | 121.8 | 792 | 51.4 | 1088 | 130 | 1110 | 90 | 587 | 242 | 596.83 |
8.23 | 39.4 | 2944 | 58.4 | 289 | 105 | 928 | 70 | 2175 | 199 | 764.73 |
8.2 | 50 | 2823 | 74.4 | 396 | 104 | 1485 | 96 | 1326 | 233 | 779.17 |
8.15 | 97.3 | 2535 | 110 | 673 | 302 | 2152 | 215 | n.d. | 897 | 963.9 |
8.58 | 225.5 | 401 | 58 | 2157 | 98 | 393 | 3824 | n.d. | 653 | 995.7 |
7.32 | 27.8 | 230 | 87 | 218 | 60 | 250 | 25 | n.d. | 1467 | 1179.6 |
8.15 | 103.2 | 4034 | 282 | 796 | 242 | 3391 | 368 | n.d. | 1298 | 3115.8 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Increasing DOC or pH decreases the toxicity of lead in invertebrates significantly due to a decrease of the bioavailability of the lead ion. Changing the hardness or concentrations of Na+, K+ or Mg2+ had no additional significant effect on toxicity expressed as the 96h-LC50 for C. dubia. The lowest and the highest 48h-LC50 differed by three orders of magnitude (range: 30 - 3100 µg/L).
- Executive summary:
In a study according to guideline US EPA (2002), 22 individual reliable acute toxicity data points for one specie Ceriodaphnia dubia were summarized in this data point:
After exposures were conducted under static conditions and for different pH and hardness values, the acute toxicity values (48h-LC50) for Ceriodaphnia dubia varied between 28.8 µg dissolved Pb/L (at pH 6.8, a DOC of 104 mg/L and hardness of 5.8 mg CaCo3/L) and 3115.8 µg dissolved Pb/L (at pH 8.15, a DOC of 1298 mg/L and hardness of 103.2 mg/L).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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