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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-104-6 | CAS number: 7439-95-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Epidemiological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- epidemiological data
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well documented study which meets basic scientific principles
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- cohort study (retrospective)
- Endpoint addressed:
- repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- carcinogenicity
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A study of the cancer incidence in male workers at a Norwegian plant producing magnesium metal from dolomite and sea water was conducted. The study was restricted to employees with more than one year of work experience between 1951 and 1974 for a total of 52,733 person-years of exposure. The cohort was observed from 1953 to 1984.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Magnesium oxide
- EC Number:
- 215-171-9
- EC Name:
- Magnesium oxide
- Cas Number:
- 1309-48-4
- IUPAC Name:
- magnesium oxide
- Test material form:
- aerosol dispenser: not specified
- Remarks:
- migrated information: aerosol
Constituent 1
Method
- Type of population:
- occupational
- Ethical approval:
- confirmed, but no further information available
- Details on study design:
- A study of the cancer incidence in male workers at a Norwegian plant producing magnesium metal from dolomite and sea water was conducted. The study was restricted to employees with more than one year of work experience between 1951 and 1974 for a total of 52,733 person-years of exposure. The cohort was observed from 1953 to 1984. Altogether 152 new cases of cancer were observed versus 132.6 expected. Among the 393 workers whose longest duration of work had involved exposure to MgO and coal dust or coke (9082 person-years
- Exposure assessment:
- estimated
- Details on exposure:
- A study of the cancer incidence in male workers at a Norwegian plant producing magnesium metal from dolomite and sea water was conducted.
The study was restricted to employees with more than one year of work experience between 1951 and 1974 for a total of 52,733 person-years of exposure. The cohort was observed from 1953 to 1984
Results and discussion
- Results:
- The results from a cohort study on the incidence of cancer and the mortality in a cohort of 2391 male workers producing magnesium metal are presented. The study population was restricted to employees with more than one year of work experience in the study plant between 1951 and 1974 and the cohort was observed from 1953 to 1984.
The production of magnesium metal and alloys involved combined exposures to many agents, such as volatile coal tar pitch products, chlorinated hydrocarbons (mainly hexachlorobenzene), asbestos, magnesium oxide, and magnesium chloride. Due to the complexity of possible causes, the authors divided the population into 9 different exposure categories, membership of which was generally defined as that category with the longest duration of work.
One of the categories was designated as ‘magnesium oxide’ and comprised of 393 workers exposed to magnesium oxide and coal dust having 9082 person-years experience. Using a constructed Norwegian population with an identical age distribution as reference, observed/expected (O/E) ratios of 68/74.3 and of 35/25.2 were found for ‘all deaths’ and ‘all cancers’, respectively; the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the standardised incidence ratio (SIR) was 1.0-1.9. When selected for specific types of cancer, they found the following O/E ratios in the ‘magnesium oxide’ category: lung cancer: 6/3.5 (95% CI: 0.6-3.7); stomach cancer: 5/2.5 (95% CI: 0.6-4.5); and lip cancer: 1/0.4 (Hel89). From this study, the it is no clear evidence that exposure to magnesium oxide is carcinogenic, but feels that the number of subjects studied is too small to be conclusive. - Confounding factors:
- see attached file
- Strengths and weaknesses:
- The production of magnesium metal and alloys involved combined exposures to many agents, such as volatile coal tar pitch products, chlorinated hydrocarbons (mainly hexachlorobenzene), asbestos, magnesium oxide, and magnesium chloride.
the observation was not statistically significant (CI 1.0-1.9)
Any other information on results incl. tables
A study of the cancer incidence in maleworkers at a Norwegian plant producing magnesium metal from dolomite and sea waterwas conducted. The study was restricted to employees with more than one year of workexperience between 1951 and 1974 for a total of 52,733 person-years of exposure. Thecohort was observed from 1953 to 1984. Altogether 152 new cases of cancer wereobserved versus 132.6 expected. Among the 393 workers whose longest duration of workhad involved exposure to MgO and coal dust or coke (9082 person-years), there weremore cases of death by cancer (35) than expected (25.2), however, this observation wasnot statistically significant (CI 1.0-1.9). In this group, the incidence of lung (6/3.5; CI 0.6-3.7) and stomach (5/2.5; CI 0.6-4.5) cancer was higher than expected
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The results from a cohort study on the incidence of cancer and the mortality in a cohort of 2391 male workers producing magnesium metal are presented. The study population was restricted to employees with more than one year of work experience in the study plant between 1951 and 1974 and the cohort was observed from 1953 to 1984.
The production of magnesium metal and alloys involved combined exposures to many agents, such as volatile coal tar pitch products, chlorinated hydrocarbons (mainly hexachlorobenzene), asbestos, magnesium oxide, and magnesium chloride. Due to the complexity of possible causes, the authors divided the population into 9 different exposure categories, membership of which was generally defined as that category with the longest duration of work.
One of the categories was designated as ‘magnesium oxide’ and comprised of 393 workers exposed to magnesium oxide and coal dust having 9082 person-years experience. Using a constructed Norwegian population with an identical age distribution as reference, observed/expected (O/E) ratios of 68/74.3 and of 35/25.2 were found for ‘all deaths’ and ‘all cancers’, respectively; the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the standardised incidence ratio (SIR) was 1.0-1.9. When selected for specific types of cancer, they found the following O/E ratios in the ‘magnesium oxide’ category: lung cancer: 6/3.5 (95% CI: 0.6-3.7); stomach cancer: 5/2.5 (95% CI: 0.6-4.5); and lip cancer: 1/0.4 (Hel89). From this study, the it is no clear evidence that exposure to magnesium oxide is carcinogenic, but feels that the number of subjects studied is too small to be conclusive. - Executive summary:
Heldaas et al. performed a retrospective cohort cancer incidence and mortality study on workers of a magnesium metal and its alloys productionfactory in Norway. The cohort comprised of 2391 male employees with morethan one year of work experience in the study plant between 1951 and 1974. The cohort was observed from 1953 to 1984.
The production of magnesium metal and alloys involved combined exposures to many agents, such as volatile coal tarpitch products, chlorinated hydrocarbons (mainly hexachlorobenzene), asbestos,magnesium oxide, and magnesium chloride. Due to the complexity of possiblecauses, the authors divided the population into 9 different exposure categories,membership of which was generally defined as that category with the longestduration of work.
One of the categories was designated as ‘magnesium oxide’and comprised of 393 workers exposed to magnesium oxide and coal dust having9082 person-years experience. Using a constructed Norwegian population withan identical age distribution as reference, observed/expected (O/E) ratios of68/74.3 and of 35/25.2 were found for ‘all deaths’ and ‘all cancers’, respectively;the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the standardised incidence ratio (SIR) was1.0-1.9. When selected for specific types of cancer, they found the following O/Eratios in the ‘magnesium oxide’ category: lung cancer: 6/3.5 (95% CI: 0.6-3.7);stomach cancer: 5/2.5 (95% CI: 0.6-4.5); and lip cancer: 1/0.4 (Hel89). From thisstudy, the itis no clear evidence that exposure tomagnesium oxide is carcinogenic, but feels that the number of subjects studied istoo small to be conclusive.
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