Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 204-371-1 | CAS number: 120-12-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in soil
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in soil: simulation testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study based on accepted scientific principles, well documented, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Fate of PAH compounds in two soil types: influence of volatilization, abiotic loss and biological activity.
- Author:
- Park KS, Sims RC, Dupont RR, Doucette WJ, Matthews JE
- Year:
- 1 990
- Bibliographic source:
- Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 9, 187-195 (1990)
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 307 (Aerobic and Anaerobic Transformation in Soil)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: Static soil incubation test: Determination of volatilization and biodegradation in closed bottle tests / comparative study including various PAH (see below)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test type:
- laboratory
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Anthracene
- EC Number:
- 204-371-1
- EC Name:
- Anthracene
- Cas Number:
- 120-12-7
- Molecular formula:
- C14H10
- IUPAC Name:
- anthracene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): anthracene
- Source: Aldrich Chemical Co.
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Soil classification:
- not specified
Soil propertiesopen allclose all
- Soil no.:
- #1
- Soil type:
- other: Kidman sandy loam
- % Org. C:
- 0.5
- pH:
- 7.9
- CEC:
- 10.1 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Soil no.:
- #2
- Soil type:
- other: McLaurin sandy loam
- % Org. C:
- 1.1
- pH:
- 4.8
- CEC:
- 4.4 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Details on soil characteristics:
- SOIL COLLECTION AND STORAGE
- Geographic location: Kidman sandy loam(Calciaquoll, Utah) / McLaurin sandy loam (Paleudult, Mississippi)
- Sampling depth (cm): 0 - 0.15 cm
- Soil preparation: 2 mm sieved; air dried
PROPERTIES OF THE SOILS (in addition to defined fields)
- Moisture at 1/3 atm (%): 16.3 (Kidman) / 12.4 (McLaurin)
- Bulk density (g/cm3): no data
- microbial colonisation: 1# Kidman 6.7 x10^6 bacterial CF/g soil; 1.9 x10^4 fungal CF/g soil
2# Mc Laurin 6.7 x10^6 bacterial CF/g soil; 1.9 x10^4 fungal CF/g soil
Duration of test (contact time)open allclose all
- Soil No.:
- #1
- Duration:
- 196 d
- Soil No.:
- #2
- Duration:
- 105 d
Initial test substance concentrationopen allclose all
- Soil No.:
- #1
- Initial conc.:
- 210 mg/kg soil d.w.
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Soil No.:
- #2
- Initial conc.:
- 199 mg/kg soil d.w.
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- test mat. analysis
Experimental conditions
- Humidity:
- 16.3 other: -1/3 bar
- Details on experimental conditions:
- Static soil incubation test:
1. PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTS:
VOLITILISATION TEST
- Soil condition: air dried, sieved
- Soil amount: 200 g dw per test, moistened
- Soil preincubation conditions: 1 week before start, 25 °C, moistened
- Moisture: >=60 % of water holding capacity (soil water matric potential: -33 J/kg)
VOLITILISATION procedure
- Test apparatus: 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask
- Soil amount: 200 g dw, moistened (loss of water checked and compensated for by daily weight control)
- Control conditions: 1. poisoned with 2 % HgCl2 to evaluate abiotic loss
2. soil only
- Test flask soil with single PAH
- Temperature: 25 °C
- Duration: 48 h
- Details of traps for CO2 and organic volatile: Tenax sorbent tube with methanol as carrier solvent
Purge rate: 200 mL/min
- Soil sampling: 20 g dw were withdrawn at 0, 8, 24, and 48 h and analysed for PAH by HPLC after methanol extraction.
2. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: MAIN TEST
- Soil preincubation conditions: 1 week before start, 25 °C, moistened
- Moisture: >=60 % of water holding capacity (soil water matric potential: -33 J/kg)
- Soil condition: air dried, sieved
- Soil (g/replicate): 40 g dw
- Control conditions: 1 per time point, poisoned with 2 % HgCl2 to evaluate abiotic loss
- No. of replication controls: 3 per time point
- No. of replication treatments: 3 per time point
- Test apparatus (Type/material/volume): 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask, covered with polyethylene film
- Details of traps for CO2: none
- If no traps were used, is the system: open
Test material application
- Volume of test solution used/treatment: no data, dissolved in dichloromathane
- Is the co-solvent evaporated: yes
Experimental conditions (in addition to defined fields)
- Moisture maintenance method: weight control
- Continuous darkness: Yes
3. OXYGEN CONDITIONS
- Methods used to create the an/aerobic conditions: open system
4. SAMPLING DETAILS
- Sampling intervals: Kidman soil 0, 42, 84, 140, and 196 d
McLaurin soil 0, 35, 70, 105
- Sampling method for soil samples: one flask per time interval
Results and discussion
Half-life / dissipation time of parent compoundopen allclose all
- Soil No.:
- #1
- DT50:
- 134 d
- Type:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: average with CI 106 - 182 d
- Soil No.:
- #2
- DT50:
- 50 d
- Type:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: average with CI 42 - 61
- Transformation products:
- no
- Evaporation of parent compound:
- yes
- Volatile metabolites:
- no
- Residues:
- yes
- Details on results:
- Statistical analysis indicated that abiotic degradation was significant for 2- and 3-ring compounds.
The losses were statistically insignificant for the those PAH that contained greater than 3 rings.
Cumulative volatile mass (Park et al. 1990, p. 192)
for naphthalene approx. 30 % from both soils after 48 h,
for 1-methylnaphthalene approx. 15 % (Kidman loam) and approx. 27 % (McLaurin loam) after 48 h,
for all remaining PAH <0.1 % or undetectable from both soils.
Any other information on results incl. tables
BIODEGRADATION
The estimated amounts of biologically degraded PAHs were:
= mass added – (volatilised mass + abiotic loss of mass + mass of soil residue)
Half-lives of biodegradation [days] in brackets: 95-% Confidence Intervals |
||
|
Kilman sandy loam |
McLaurin sandy loam |
Naphthalene |
2.1 [1.7-2.7] |
2.2 [1.7-3.4] |
1-Methylnaphthalene |
1.7 [1.4-2.1] |
2.2 [1.6-3.2] |
Anthracene |
134 [106-182] |
50 [42-61] |
Phenanthrene |
16 [13-18] |
35 [27-53] |
Fluoranthene |
377 [277-578] |
268 [173-630] |
Pyrene |
260 [193-408] |
199 [131-408] |
Chrysene |
371 [289-533] |
387 [257-866] |
Benz[a]anthracene |
261 [210-347] |
162 [217] |
7,12-Dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene |
20 [18-24] |
28 [21-41] |
Benzo[b]fluoranthene |
294 [231-385] |
211 [169-277] |
Benzo(a)pyrene |
309 [239-462 |
229 [178-315 |
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene |
361 [267-533]] |
420 [267-990] |
Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene |
361 [277-533] |
232 [178-330] |
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]-pyrene 193-39-5 |
288 [224-408] |
289 [224-408] |
The disappearance of the parent compounds was similar in both soils. The biological degradation of the 2-ring compounds was very rapid, and of 3-ring compounds, too, in particular of phenanthrene which exhibited a more extensive removal than anthracene. 4- and 5-ring PAH were more resistant with half-lives of 100 to 400 days. An exception was 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene with an average half-life of 24 days.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.