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EC number: 235-834-6 | CAS number: 13001-38-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- other: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From September 11 to 20, 2000
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- Complete read across justification is attached in section 13. Source study has reliability 1.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Version / remarks:
- 1984
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- No stock solution could be prepared due to the low water solubility. Therefore, test item amounts of 5.02, 16.06, 50, 160 and 500 mg were directly weighed into the test flasks. Then 284 ml of deionized water was added to each flask. The test item was mixed into the deionized water by ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes and intense stirring for 24 hours at room temperature in the dark to dissolve a maximum amount of the test item and/or disperse it as homogeneously as possible. Then, 16 ml of synthetic wastewater and activated sludge inoculum were added.
A stock solution of 3,5-dichlorophenol was prepared according to the test guidelines: 0.5 g of 3,5-dichlorophenol was dissolved in 10 ml 1 M NaOH and diluted to about 30 ml with purified water. Excess of NaOH was neutralized with 0.5 mol/l H2SO4 to the point of incipient precipitation. Thereafter, the mixture was made up to one liter with purified water. The pH was determined to be pH 7.7 and the final concentration amounted to 500 mg/l. Aliquots of this 3,5-dichlorophenol stock solution were mixed with synthetic wastewater and deionized water in the respective test flasks to obtain the desired concentrations.
Synthetic wastewater:
16 g peptone
11 g meat extract
3 g urea
0.7 g NaCl
0.4 g CaCl2 × 2H2O
0.2 g MgSO4 × 7H2O
2.8 g K2HPO4
filled up to a final volume of 1 liter with deionized water - Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- Aerobic activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant (ARA Ergolz II, Füllinsdorf, Switzerland) treating predominantly domestic wastewater.
The sludge was washed once with tap water by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. A homogenized aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, thereafter dried and the ratio of wet to dry weight was calculated.
Based on this ratio, an aliquot of washed sludge was suspended in tap water to obtain a concentration equivalent to 3 g dry material per liter. During holding, the sludge was fed daily for two days with 50 ml synthetic wastewater per liter. On the third day of holding immediately prior to use, the sludge was fed once again with 25 ml synthetic wastewater per liter. During the entire holding period, the sludge was kept at room temperature under continuous aeration. Immediately before use, the dry weight of the activated sludge was measured again in the inoculum used for the test. The pH of the activated sludge was adjusted from 8.4 to 6.3 with a diluted sulfuric acid solution. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Test temperature:
- 21 °C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 8.4
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.2 - 8.4 mg/l
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The final nominal test item concentrations were 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/l. Concentrations in excess of 1000 mg test item per liter were not tested.
Additionally, two controls (deionized water, synthetic wastewater and activated sludge inoculum, without test item) and the reference item 3,5-dichlorophenol (positive control) at nominal concentrations of 5, 16 and 50 mg/l were tested in parallel under otherwise identical test conditions. - Details on test conditions:
- Test system
- Test vessel: 1000-ml glass flasks
- Aeration: continous aeration with compressed air at a flow of ca. 1 liter per minute
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Sludge concentration (weight of dry solids per volume): 0.7 g per liter test medium - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Details on results:
- - Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: down to the lowest test concentration of nominal 10 mg/l part of the test item was suspended in the test medium. Thus, all test concentrations were clearly above the water solubility limit of test substance.
- Blank controls oxygen uptake rate: oxygen consumption rates of the two controls (run at the start and at the end of the test) differed by 6.6 % (guideline-recommended maximum variation: 15 %). - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 3-hour EC50 of the reference item) was calculated to be 17.9 mg/l (the 95 % confidence limits were not calculable). The 3-hour EC50 is within the guideline-recommended range of 5-30 mg/l, confirming suitability of the used activated sludge.
- Conclusions:
- NOEC (3h) = limit of water solubility under test conditions
EC50 (3h) > limit of water solubility under test conditions - Executive summary:
Method
Aerobic wastewater microorganisms of activated sludge exposed to test substance in a 3 -hour respiration inhibition test according to OECD guideline 209. Nominal tested concentrations were: 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/l. Concentrations in excess of nominal 1000 mg/l were not tested. In addition, 2 controls and 3 different concentrations of the reference item 3,5-dichlorophenol (5, 16 and 50 mg/l) were tested in parallel.
Results
The results of these treatments confirmed suitability of the activated sludge and the method used. Up to and including the highest concentration of nominal 1000 mg/l, test substance had no significant inhibitory effect (< 15 %) on the respiration rate of activated sludge after the incubation period of 3 hours. Based on the physical appearance of test suspensions, the saturation concentration (equilibrium) under present test conditions was reached and resulted in less than 15 % inhibition after 3 hours contact time. Thus, the 3-hour EC50 is clearly higher than the limit of water solubility of test substance, or higher than nominal 1000 mg/l. The 3-hour NOEC to activated sludge microorganisms is at least at the limit of water solubility, or at least nominal 1000 mg/l. This value might be even higher, but concentrations in excess of nominal 1000 mg/l were not tested. The 3-hour EC20 and EC80 could not be calculated, but are clearly higher than the limit of water solubility.
Reference
Up to and including the highest concentration of nominal 1000 mg/l the test item had no significant inhibitory effect (< 15 %) on the respiration rate of activated sludge after the incubation period of 3 hours. Thus, the 3-hour EC50 is clearly higher than the limit of water solubility of test substance under the present test conditions, or higher than nominal 1000 mg/l. The 3-hour NOEC to activated sludge microorganisms is at least at the limit of water solubility, or at least nominal 1000 mg/l.
test item | nominal conc. mg/l | O2 consumption rate | % inhibition | pH values | mg O2/l | ||
start | end | start | end | ||||
control | 0 | 0.666 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 7.6 | |
0 | 0.710 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 7.4 | ||
test substance | 10 | 0.756 | -9.9 | 7.7 | 8.4 | 7.9 | 7.6 |
32 | 0.807 | -17.3 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 7.2 | |
100 | 0.792 | -15.1 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 7.4 | |
320 | 0.693 | -0.7 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 7.9 | 7.2 | |
1000 | 0.766 | -11.3 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 7.2 | |
3,5-dichlorophenol | 5 | 0.644 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 7.9 | 7.5 |
16 | 0.326 | 52.6 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 7.9 | |
50 | 0.121 | 82.4 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 8.4 |
Description of key information
No inhibition at the water solubility limit, after 3 h.
NOEC (3h) = water solubility limit (or highest test concentration of 1000 mg/l).
EC50 (3h) > water solubility limit.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 1 000 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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