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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-639-5 | CAS number: 7664-93-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Epidemiological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- epidemiological data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Single epidemiology study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Epidemiological-Environmental Study Of Lead Acid Battery Workers. III. Chronic Effects Of Sulfuric Acid On The Respiratory System And Teeth
- Author:
- Gamble J, Jones W, Hancock J & Meckstroth RL
- Year:
- 1 984
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental Research, Vol. 35, No. 1, pages 30-52
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- cohort study (retrospective)
- Endpoint addressed:
- repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Investigation of respiratory tract and dental effects in workers exposed to sulphuric acid
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- : not applicable
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sulphuric acid
- EC Number:
- 231-639-5
- EC Name:
- Sulphuric acid
- Cas Number:
- 7664-93-9
- Molecular formula:
- H2O4S
- IUPAC Name:
- sulfuric acid
Constituent 1
Method
- Details on study design:
- The chronic effects of sulfuric acid on teeth and the respiratory system of workers in lead acid battery factories were examined. Workers exposed to sulfuric-acid mist were given questionnaires. Chest radiograms were taken and teeth were examined for evidence of etching or erosion.
- Exposure assessment:
- not specified
Results and discussion
- Results:
- Respiratory symptoms such as cough, phlegm, dyspnea, and wheezing showed no significant differences between factories or by amount of sulfuric-acid exposure. Teeth etching and erosion showed a very strong association with acid exposure. Etching developed in 4 months with an average daily exposure of 0.23 milligram per cubic meter. High sulfuric-acid exposure groups had reduced forced vital capacity. Mean pulmonary function was not related to average exposure. Those with respiratory symptoms tended to have reduced pulmonary function. There was no excess of industrial bronchitis in the sulfuric-acid exposed workers.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The authors conclude that sulfuric-acid at low concentrations does not irritate the upper respiratory tract. The sulfuric-acid may cause dental changes, even when it is at a concentration below what is considered the recommended standard.
- Executive summary:
The chronic effects of sulfuric-acid on teeth and the respiratory system of workers in lead acid battery factories were examined. Workers exposed to sulfuric-acid mist were given questionnaires. Chest radiograms were taken and teeth were examined for evidence of etching or erosion. Respiratory symptoms such as cough, phlegm, dyspnea, and wheezing showed no significant differences between factories or by amount of sulfuric-acid exposure. Teeth etching and erosion showed a very strong association with acid exposure. Etching developed in 4 months with an average daily exposure of 0.23 milligram per cubic meter. High sulfuric-acid exposure groups had reduced forced vital capacity. Mean pulmonary function was not related to average exposure. Those with respiratory symptoms tended to have reduced pulmonary function. There was no excess of industrial bronchitis in the sulfuric-acid exposed workers. The authors conclude that sulfuric-acid at low concentrations does not irritate the upper respiratory tract. The sulfuric-acid may cause dental changes, even when it is at a concentration below what is considered the recommended standard
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