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EC number: 231-159-6 | CAS number: 7440-50-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Already discussed at the meeting od the competent authorities for Existing Substance regulations
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Methodology for aquatic hazard classification of massive metal forms: the copper case
- Author:
- Rodriguez, P.H, Adams, W and Delbeke, K.
- Year:
- 2 007
- Bibliographic source:
- Proceeding of the sixth International Copper Conference, Copper 2007, Volume VI pp 217-228
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Annex 10 GHS
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Transformation/dissolution tests of copper massive materials were carried out at pH 6, 7 and 8, at loadings of respectively 1 and 100 mg/L. Different surface areas were tested. Abbrasion of the materials was observed and therefore additional tests were carried out using an anti-abrasion device (polypropyleen wheels added to the end of a copper wires).
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of study / information:
- The lab has participated to the OECD intercalibration exercise
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Copper
- EC Number:
- 231-159-6
- EC Name:
- Copper
- Cas Number:
- 7440-50-8
- Molecular formula:
- Cu
- IUPAC Name:
- copper
- Test material form:
- other: copper wires
- Details on test material:
- copper wire pieces (99.9% purity) with varying diameters. The tests were carried out with various mass loadings (1-100 mg/l) and surface area loadings (1-281 mm2/l)
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Copper releases during the transformation/dissolution tests were dependent on the stirring rate. At high stirring rates(>50 rpm), copper release increases exponentially and high intra- and inter-vessel variability in measured dissolved copper concentrations were observed . Considering that this increased release and variability was related to particle abrasion, and particle abrasion should be prevented (GHS rev. 4, 2011, Annex 10, A10.2.3.1) ,only release rates from tests at 50 rpm are retained.
Copper releases during transformation/dissolution tests are pH dependent and 6 times higher releases were measured at pH 6 compared to pH 7 and 8
Copper releases during transformation/dissolution tests are related to the surface loading tested (mm2/l). The average surface–specific copper release (µg dissolved Cu /mm2exposed) for respectively 7 (acute) and 28 (chronic) dissolution/transformation tests at 50 rpm (with some abrasion) are:
· 1.15 µg Cu/ mm2after7 days T/D tests at pH 6
· 0.13 µg Cu/mm2after7 days T/D tests at pH 7
· 0.19 µg Cu/mm2after7 days T/D tests at pH 8.
· 4.2 µg Cu/mm2after 28 days T/D test at pH 6 (excluding one outlier).
The data result in 7 days transformation/dissolution of a massive particle of 1mm diameter, at pH 6 and a loading of 100 mg/L, of 77 µg Cu/L.
The data result in 28 days transformation/dissolution of a massive particle of 1mm diameter, at pH 6 and a loading of 1 mg/L, of 2.8 µg Cu/L.
The 7-days non-abrasive transformation/dissolution of a massive particle of 1mm diameter, at pH 6 and a loading of 100mg/L resulted in much lower total release of (6.7 µg Cu/L and 0.15 µg Cu/mm2).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The results from the transformation/dissoluiton tests are key to the classification of copper massive materials.
The surface area approach allows to appy the surface-specific release rates to massive and powders with known surface area (mm2/g). - Executive summary:
Seven days transformation/dissolution tests were carried out at pH 6, 7 and 8, in accordance to the OECD guidelines (Annex 10 of GHS) using different surface loadings (1 -281 mm2/L). The results are applicable to derive the release of copper-ions from copper massives and copper particles with various specific surface area's (mm2/g).
- Abrasion of the materials was observed and therefore only realeases at 50 rpm were retained and some additional tests were carried out using an anti-abrasion device.
- Copper releases are dependent on the pH with highest release at pH 6
- Copper releases are linearly related to the exposured surface area.
The average surface–specific copper release (µg dissolved Cu /mm2exposed) for respectively 7 (acute) and 28 (chronic) dissolution/transformation tests are:
· 1.15 µg Cu/ mm2after7 days T/D tests at pH 6
· 0.13 µg Cu/mm2after7 days T/D tests at pH 7
· 0.19 µg Cu/mm2after7 days T/D tests at pH 8.
- 4.2 µg Cu/mm2after 28 days T/D test at pH 6 (excluding one outlier).
The data result in 7 days transformation/dissolution of a massive particle of 1mm diameter, at pH 6 and a loading of 100 mg/L, of 77 µg Cu/L.
The data result in 28 days transformation/dissolution of a massive particle of 1mm diameter, at pH 6 and a loading of 1 mg/L of 2.8 µg Cu/L.
The 7-days non-abrasive transformation/dissolution of a massive particle of 1mm diameter, at pH 6 and a loading of 100mg/L resulted in much lower total release of (6.7 µg Cu/L and 0.15 µg Cu/mm2).
The surface area approach allows to read across to other massive materials mass loadings and other surface loadings
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