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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-743-0 | CAS number: 7718-54-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Additional toxicological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional toxicological information
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Nickel exposure induces persistent mesenchymal phenotype in human lung epithelial cells through epigenetic activation of ZEB1
- Author:
- Jose CC, Jagnnathan L, Tanwar VS, Zhang X, Zang C, Cuddapah S
- Year:
- 2 018
- Bibliographic source:
- Molecular Carcinogenesis 57:794-806
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- In vitro study
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test:
Human lung epithelial cells were exposed to Nickel Chloride at concentrations of 0, 10, 50 and 100 µM and gene expression analyses and gene enrichment analyses were performed. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Nickel chloride
- EC Number:
- 253-399-0
- EC Name:
- Nickel chloride
- Cas Number:
- 37211-05-5
- Molecular formula:
- NiCl2
- IUPAC Name:
- nickel(2+) dichloride
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source / batch No.of test material: Sigma, St Louis, MO / N6136
- Purity: Not stated
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
A number of genes were identified as persistently differentially expressed in the presence of Ni.
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) was identified as the most enriched pathway in the differentially expressed genes.
Epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin (CDH1) and claudin 1 (CLDN1) were downregulated in the presence of Nickel. The mesenchymal marker, fibronectin 1 (FN1) was upregulated in the presence of Ni. These effects suggest EMT in exposed cells, and the effects occurred at 10, 50 and 100 µM NiCl2.
A persistent mesenchymal phenotype was observed in cells exposed to Ni.
Gene expression within the EMT signalling pathway revealed Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 (ZEB1) to be one of the most highly upregulated genes in Ni exposed cells, and persistent upregulation of ZEB1 was confirmed.
In ZEB-1 depleted cells, EMT was not induced.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
STUDY RATED BY AN INDEPENDENT REVIEWER.
ROBUST SUMMARY DEVELOPED BY AN INDEPENDENT REVIEWER.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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