Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 205-438-8 | CAS number: 140-88-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- other: Metabolism rate, Km and Vmax determinations
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test:
This study was conducted to investigate in vitro hydrolysis and glutathione conjugation rates of ethyl acrylate (EA). Ethyl Acrylate was part of a group of materials chosen for initial experimental determination of metabolism rates in rat liver microsomes and whole rat blood at a single substrate concentration (500 μM). Additionally, Km and Vmax determinations were made by performing incubations utilizing various concentrations (32.25, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 μM) and a single rat liver microsomal protein concentration of 0.1 mg/mL or 0.5 mg/mL. After rates were determined, a third set of incubations were performed to evaluate the ability of the acrylate to conjugate with glutathione in the presence of glutathione transferases (GST).
Short description of test conditions:
This study was conducted in two stages. The first stage (Stage I) comprised of test material incubation in two different matrices, either liver microsomes or whole blood from F344 rats. Whole blood was obtained from Bioreclamation, LLC (Hicksville, New York, USA) and liver microsomes were obtained from Sekisui Xenotech, LCC (Kansas City, Kansas, USA). The second phase of the study (Stage II) explored glutathione activity via incubation of the test material with tritiated glutathione/glutathione in the presence of glutathione transferase with subsequent chemical analysis. - GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethyl acrylate
- EC Number:
- 205-438-8
- EC Name:
- Ethyl acrylate
- Cas Number:
- 140-88-5
- Molecular formula:
- C5H8O2
- IUPAC Name:
- ethyl acrylate
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Chemical Name: 2-Propenoic acid ethyl ester
Synonyms: Acrylic acid ethyl ester
Lot/Reference/Batch Number: A829H7K000
Purity/Characterization (Method of Analysis and Reference): The non-GLP purity of the test material was determined to be 99.9 wt% (The Dow Chemical Company, 2017a).
Test Material Stability Under Storage Conditions: The test material EA, lot A829H7K000, was not tested for neat test material
stability.
Molecular Formula: C5H8O2
Molecular Weight: 100.1
CAS Number: 140-88-5
Administration / exposure
- Statistics:
- Descriptive statistics were used, i.e., mean ± standard deviation, or relative standard deviation (standard deviation/mean). All calculations were conducted using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets in full precision mode (15 digits of accuracy). The half-life values of the acrylates and the rates of hydrolysis to AA for the nine acrylates in whole rat blood and rat liver microsomes in Stage IA were determined using GraphPad Prism version 5.03 (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, USA). The percent remaining of the parent esters were fit to one-phase exponential decay curves to determine ke (min^-1) and Clint (μL/min/mg). Calculation of Km and Vmax for the AA formation from acrylate in rat liver microsmes (Stage IB) was also performed using GraphPad Prism v5.03 according to the Michaelis-Menten Kinetic Model.
Results and discussion
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
- Details on metabolites:
- In rat liver microsomes, Ethyl Acrylate hydrolyzed to form the metabolite acrylic acid (AA) with a half-life of less than 2 minutes. In whole rat blood, Ethyl Acrylate rapidly metabolized, shown by a significant and (nearly) complete loss of the parent acrylate. Based on the measured concentrations of the remaning parent acrylates, the half-life values for Ethyl Acrylate was less than 3 minutes in rat blood. Ethyl Acrylate formed a single GSH conjugate in the presence of GST.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Ethyl Acrylate (EA) was chosen for initial experimental determination of metabolism rates in rat liver microsomes and whole rat blood at a single substrate concentration (500 μM). Additionally, Km and Vmax determinations were made by performing incubations utilizing various concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 μM) and a single rat liver microsomal protein
concentration of 0.1 mg/mL or 0.5 mg/mL. After rates were determined, a third set of incubations were performed to evaluate the ability of each acrylate to conjugate with glutathione in the presence of glutathione transferases (GST).
In rat liver microsomes, EA hydrolyzed to form the metabolite acrylic acid (AA). EA has a half-life of less than 8.5 minutes.
In whole rat blood, EA is rapidly metabolized, shown by a significant and (nearly) complete loss of the parent acrylate. However, unlike the rat liver microsomal incubations, the concentrations of the formed AA were significantly lower. Based on the measured concentrations of the remaning parent acrylates, the half-life values for all acrylates were less than 12 minutes in rat blood.
In the serial substrate concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 μM) of EA, further experiments were conducted to determine Km and Vmax values for acrylate ester hydrolysis to AA in rat liver microsomes.
EA formed a single GSH conjugate in the presence of GST. The rate of formation of these GSH conjugate was 2.19 nmol/mg protein/min.
Overall, these in vitro metabolism results imply that EA can be quickly metabolized through hydrolysis to AA and/or glutathione conjugation in vivo.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In rat liver microsomes, EA hydrolyzed to form the metabolite acrylic acid (AA). EA has a half-life of less than 2 minutes.
In whole rat blood, EA is rapidly metabolized, shown by a significant and (nearly) complete loss of the parent acrylate. However, unlike the rat liver microsomal incubations, the concentrations of the formed AA were significantly lower. Based on the measured concentrations of the remaning parent acrylates, the half-life values for all acrylates were less than 3 minutes in rat blood.
In the serial substrate concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 μM) of EA, further experiments were conducted to determine Km and Vmax values for acrylate ester hydrolysis to AA in rat liver microsomes.
EA formed a single GSH conjugate in the presence of GST. The rate of formation of these GSH conjugate was 2.19 nmol/mg protein/min.
Overall, these in vitro metabolism results imply that EA can be quickly metabolized through hydrolysis to AA and/or glutathione conjugation in vivo. - Executive summary:
This study was conducted to investigate in vitro hydrolysis and glutathione conjugation rates of Ethyl Acrylate (EA). EA was chosen for initial experimental determination of metabolism rates in rat liver microsomes and whole rat blood at a single substrate concentration (500 μM). Additionally, Km and Vmax determinations were made by performing incubations utilizing various concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 μM) and a single rat liver microsomal protein concentration of 0.1 mg/mL or 0.5 mg/mL. After rates were determined, a third set of incubations were performed to evaluate the ability of each acrylate to conjugate with glutathione in the presence of glutathione transferases (GST).
In rat liver microsomes, EA hydrolyzed to form the metabolite acrylic acid (AA). EA has a half-life of less than 2 minutes.
In whole rat blood, EA is rapidly metabolized, shown by a significant and (nearly) complete loss of the parent acrylate. However, unlike the rat liver microsomal incubations, the concentrations of the formed AA were significantly lower. Based on the measured concentrations of the remaning parent acrylates, the half-life values for all acrylates were less than 3 minutes in rat blood.
In the serial substrate concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 μM) of EA, further experiments were conducted to determine Km and Vmax values for acrylate ester hydrolysis to AA in rat liver microsomes.
EA formed a single GSH conjugate in the presence of GST. The rate of formation of these GSH conjugate was 2.19 nmol/mg protein/min.
Overall, these in vitro metabolism results imply that EA can be quickly metabolized through hydrolysis to AA and/or glutathione conjugation in vivo.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.