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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 203-696-6 | CAS number: 109-69-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Mutagenicity of 42 Chemicals in Salmonella
- Author:
- Zeiger, E.
- Year:
- 1 990
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 16 (18): 32-54
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- strain with A/T base pair as primary mutation site missing
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1-chlorobutane
- EC Number:
- 203-696-6
- EC Name:
- 1-chlorobutane
- Cas Number:
- 109-69-3
- Molecular formula:
- C4H9Cl
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-chlorobutane
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): n-butyl chloride
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- His Operon
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- other: S. typhimurium TA 100, TA 1535, TA 97, TA 98
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- two metabolic activation systems were used separately: 1.) Aroclor induced Sprague Dawley rat liver S9-mix; 2.) Aroclor induced Syrian hamster liver S9-mix; 30 % and 10% S9 in the S9 mixture)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- preincubation method: 100, 333, 1000, 3333, 6666 and 10000 μg/plate
vapour desiccator method: 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mL/chamber - Vehicle / solvent:
- preincubation method: DMSO
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- vapour desiccator method
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- preincubation method
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: with metabolic activation: 2-aminoanthracene for all strains; without metabolic activation: sodium azide for TA 100 and TA1535, 9-aminoacridine for TA 97 and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine for TA 98.
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION:
Preincubation method: Cells and test compound or DMSO were incubated for 20 minutes at 37 °C in the presence of either S9-mix or buffer. After the addition of soft agar, the contents of each tube was poured onto minimal medium, and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 48 hours [Haworth et al. 1983]
Vapour desiccator method: S9 or buffer was incorporated into the top agar and poured onto the plate. The lids of the plates were removed and the plates were stacked on a perfoated porcelain plate in a 9 L glass desiccator jug containing a magnetic stirring bar. A measured volume of test chemical, in liquid form, was introduced into a watch glass suspended below the porcelain plate, and the desiccator was sealed and placed on a magnetic stirrer in a 37 °C incubator. After 24 h the plates were removed from the desiccator and incubated at 37°C in air for an additional 24 h.
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS:
vapour desiccator method: 2
preincubation method: 1
- Evaluation criteria:
- A chemical was judged mutagenic or weakly mutagenic if it gave a reproducible dose-related response over the solvent control in replicate trials, and judged questionable if the results of individual trials were not reproducible or if only single doses produced increase in his+ revertants in repeat trials. Chemicals were judged nonmutagenic, if they do not meet the criteria for mutagenic or questionable response.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Remarks:
- in preincubation and vapour desiccator method
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- from 3333 µg/plate and at 4 mL/chamber
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Preincubation method |
number of revertants: mean value of negative control |
number of revertants: mean value of positive control |
max. number of revertants: mean value of test material [µg/plate] |
without S9-mix |
|
|
|
TA 1535 |
14 ± 0.9 |
958 ± 34.3 |
17 ± 1.5 [100] |
TA 100 |
119 ± 7.4 |
955 ± 37.8 |
135 ± 9.9 [100] |
TA 97 |
206 ± 9.5 |
742 ± 42.2 |
213 ± 4.6 [100] |
TA 98 |
36 ± 4.0 |
677 ± 20 |
36 ± 1.8 [100] |
with S9-mix (30% HLI) |
|
|
|
TA 1535 |
10 ± 1.9 |
607 ± 16.8 |
13 ± 0.9 [1000] |
TA 100 |
163 ± 12.0 |
837 ± 39.5 |
176 ± 5.8 [1000] |
TA 97 |
212 ± 8.1 |
436 ± 2.2 |
230 ± 2.9 [100] |
TA 98 |
45 ± 3.3 |
770 ± 11.3 |
43 ± 5.2 [1000] |
with S9-mix (30% RLI) |
|
|
|
TA 1535 |
18 ± 3.0 |
105 ± 3.6 |
18 ± 0.7 [1000] |
TA 100 |
175 ± 0.9 |
440 ± 26.1 |
170 ± 7.9 [1000] |
TA 97 |
230 ± 5.8 |
442 ± 3.5 |
233 ± 1.7 [333] |
TA 98 |
42 ± 6.5 |
168 ± 3.5 |
49 ± 3.2 [100] |
Vapour desiccator method |
number of revertants: mean value of negative control |
number of revertants: mean value of positive control |
number of revertants: mean value of test material [ml/chamber] |
without S9-mix |
|
|
|
TA 1535 |
14 ± 1.2 |
1671 ± 41.8 |
16 ± 2.7 [0.1] |
TA 100 |
144 ± 8.6 |
1569 ± 21.7 |
147 ± 28.3 [0.1] |
TA 97 |
208 ± 17.2 |
978 ± 54.7 |
198 ± 15.3 [0.5] |
TA 98 |
34 ± 2.8 |
557 ± 17.4 |
43 ± 3.8 [1.0] |
with S9-mix (30% HLI) |
|
|
|
TA 1535 |
11 ± 4.2 |
459 ± 21.2 |
20 ± 0.9 [0.5] |
TA 100 |
165 ± 6.0 |
843 ± 24.8 |
158 ± 9.7 [1.0] |
TA 97 |
140 ± 6.8 |
564 ± 15.9 |
172 ± 8.5 [1.0] |
TA 98 |
22 ± 3.3 |
657 ± 47.6 |
42 ± 4.7[1.0] |
with S9-mix (30% RLI) |
|
|
|
TA 1535 |
19 ± 3.2 |
90 ± 6.4 |
20 ± 2.5 [1.0] |
TA 100 |
142 ± 9.5 |
463 ± 58 |
145 ± 10.5 [0.5] |
TA 97 |
166 ± 20.1 |
461 ± 10.7 |
186 ± 9.7 [0.5] |
TA 98 |
33 ± 4.8 |
120 ± 7.5 |
39 ± 4.1 [1.0] |
HLI: aroclor 1254-induced hamster liver S9
RLI: aroclor 1254-induced rat liver S9
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative
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