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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 202-436-9 | CAS number: 95-63-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / erythrocyte micronucleus
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP status unknown, near guideline study, published in peer reviewed literature, minor restrictions in design and/or reporting but otherwise adequate for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 998
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 474 (Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- positive control substance tested only in males (considered not to affect scientific validity)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- micronucleus assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Mesitylene
- EC Number:
- 203-604-4
- EC Name:
- Mesitylene
- Cas Number:
- 108-67-8
- Molecular formula:
- C9H12
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
- Reference substance name:
- 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
- Details on test material:
- Obtained from Fluka
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- Balb/c
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 9 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: Approximately 23 g
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS - not reported
IN-LIFE DATES: Not reported
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: mineral oil
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Administration by i.p. injection (two equal parts of dose given after a 24 hour interval). 2-stage model followed: First: 1 mL mineral oil or test substance at a dose equal to 80% of LD50 was dosed to males. Second: Doses administered equal to 40 and 80% of LD50 in males and 80% of LD50 in females.
- Frequency of treatment:
- Two i.p. injections, 24 hrs apart
- Post exposure period:
- 30, 48 and 72 hours after the first injection bone marrow samples were collected
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
1800, 2960, 3600
Basis:
nominal conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 8 male and 4 female/0 mg/kg (solvent control - mineral oil); 12 male/1800 mg/kg; 12 female/2960 mg/kg; 24 male/3600 mg/kg
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- mitomycin C;
- Route of administration: not reported
- Doses / concentrations: 2.5 mg/kg; 0 mg/kg (solvent control - distilled water)
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- Bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (NCEs)
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- CRITERIA FOR DOSE SELECTION: not reported
DETAILS OF SLIDE PREPARATION: bone marrow samples were collected from each mouse 30, 48 and 72 hours after 1st injection and 4 bone marrow smears were prepared from each mouse.
METHOD OF ANALYSIS: 1000 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) per mouse were analysed for the number of micronucleated cells (mPCEs). The ratio of PCEs to mPCEs was determined by counting both cell types until the level of 200 NCEs was reached. - Evaluation criteria:
- A test substance was considered genotoxic if the test substance induced a statistically significant and reproducible increase in the number of mPCEs for at least one of the study points.
- Statistics:
- One way analysis of variance with multiple comparison test by Domański, 1979
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- male/female
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- yes
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- RESULTS OF DEFINITIVE STUDY
- Induction of micronuclei (for Micronucleus assay): No induction at 30, 48 or 72 hours after dosing
- Ratio of PCE/NCE (for Micronucleus assay): In males, the highest dose (80% of LD50) induced a statistically significant decrease in the PCEs to NCEs
ratio (cytotoxicity index 0.40 and 0.42 for 30 and 72 hours respectively, compared with 0.61 in control males. In the study on females using the equivalent of 80% of LD50, the animals survived but these doses were found not to induce cytotoxicity on bone marrow cells.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Induction of micronuclei in PCEs in mice
(Table based on Janik-Spiechowicz et al 1998, Mutation Research 412 (1998) 299-305, Table 2)
Dose |
Number and sex |
% mPCEs |
ratio PCEs : mPCEs |
||||
harvest time (hours) |
harvest time (hours) |
||||||
30 |
48 |
72 |
30 |
48 |
72 |
||
Mesitylene |
|||||||
1 mL mineral oil |
8 male |
|
0.21 ± 0.08 |
|
|
0.61 |
|
1 mL mineral oil |
4 female |
|
0.20 ± 0.08 |
|
|
0.60 |
|
1800 mg/kg |
12 male |
0.20 ± 0.00 |
0.10 ± 0.09 |
0.17 ± 0.09 |
0.62 |
0.56 |
0.58 |
2960 mg/kg |
12 female |
0.17 ± 0.09 |
0.20 ± 0.00 |
0.22 ± 0.05 |
0.51 |
0.60 |
0.58 |
3600 mg/kg |
24 male |
0.24 ± 0.11 |
0.17 ± 0.05 |
0.14 ± 0.05 |
0.40* |
0.33 |
0.42* |
Mitomycin C (positive control) |
|||||||
1 mL distilled water |
4 male |
|
|
0.15 ± 0.05 |
|
|
1.37 |
2.5 mg/kg |
12 male |
4.15 ± 0.38* |
4.22 ± 0.35* |
1.25 ± 0.15* |
0.71* |
0.48* |
0.14* |
* p ≥ 0.05 data for males treated at 80% LD50 and mineral oil expressed as mean values ± S.D. for 2-stage experiments |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): negative
Negative micronucleus response in polychromatic erythrocytes of the bone marrow. - Executive summary:
Mesitylene was tested in the in vivo micronucleus assay using bone marrow cells of the Imp:Balb/c mouse. There was no effect on the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes.
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