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EC number: 201-254-7 | CAS number: 80-15-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- sub-chronic toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 979
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- 10 rats were exposed to 4 concentrations of the test substance 5d/wk, over a period of 90 d.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- α,α-dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide
- EC Number:
- 201-254-7
- EC Name:
- α,α-dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide
- Cas Number:
- 80-15-9
- Molecular formula:
- C9H12O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-methyl-1-phenylethyl hydroperoxide
- Details on test material:
- - Analytical purity: Lot OC-03-04-7-M15B and OC-03-04-7-Mi5C: 80.20%; Lot OC-06-09-7-MI05: 82.50%
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: CDF (Fischer 344 derived)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA
- Weight at study initiation: males:245-308 g; females: 140-160 g
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Purina rat chow ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C):
- Humidity (%):
- Air changes (per hr):
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: glass and stainless steel in construction, rectangular in cross section, 160 l in volume with regular pyramid top and bottom
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: the cumene hydroperoxide atmosphere was generated by aerosoling the test material with a modified DeVelbies nebulizer; the concentrated aerosol was deluted to the desired concentration with the chamber air at the inlet to the exposure chamber
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: the chambers were operated under dynamic air flow conditions (40-50 l/min) with temperature and humidity control
- Method of particle size determination: the median particle diameter and geometric standard deviation were calculated using computer program RCUM. CLIST (Computations Laboratory, Dow Chemical Company)
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: the chamber atmosphere was sampled by drawing known volumes of air (10 or 20l) through glass inpingers containing 50 ml n-octanol; cumene hydroperoxide in the n-octanol was assayed colorimetrically by the ferrous thiocynate method for organic peroxide
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- Cumene hydroperoxide was assayed colorimetrically in n-propanol containing air samples
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 6 hours/day
- Frequency of treatment:
- 5 days/week, for approximately 3 months (males: 60 exposures in 88 days, females: 61 exposures in 89 days); 1 mg/ cubic m group was started with a delay of 15 days resulting in 50 exposure days
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
1, 6, 31, 124 mg/cubic m aerosol
Basis:
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
- Details on study design:
- Exposure of 124 mg/cubic m was terminatet after 5 days due to toxicity and all surviving rats of this group were killed and examined on the 12th day of the study.
- Positive control:
- no data
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes, daily
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes, daily
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: twice per week for the first 2 weeks and once per week thereafter
FOOD CONSUMPTION:
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: No data
FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No data
WATER CONSUMPTION: No data
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No data
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: at or near termination of the study
- How many animals: all animals exposed to 1, 6, 31 mg/square m and controls
- Parameters: red, white and differential blood cell counts, hemoglobin, concentration and packed cell volume
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: at or near termination of study
- How many animals: all animals exposed to 1, 6, 31 mg/square m and controls
- Parameters: blood urea nitrogen, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase
URINALYSIS: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of urine: at or near termination of study
- Metabolism cages used for collection of urine: No data
- Parameters: pH, specific gravity, sugar, protein, ketones, bilirubin, occult blood, urobilinogen
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No data
- Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes (see table 1)
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (see table 2) - Other examinations:
- Frozen sections of adrenal glands and liver were stained with Oil Red G (from 3 males and 3 females from control group and from groups 31 and 124 mg/cubic m) in order to determine lipid content
- Statistics:
- Hematology, clinical chemistry, urine specific gravity, organ weight and body weight data were evaluated using an analysis of variance and Dunnett's test; the level of significance was for all cases p<0.05
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Mortality:
- mortality observed, treatment-related
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not specified
- Food efficiency:
- not specified
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not specified
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not specified
- Haematological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- no effects observed
- Urinalysis findings:
- no effects observed
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not specified
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Details on results:
- CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY
124 mg/cubic m: males and females had difficulty breathing (gasping for air) after the first two days of exposure; subsequent daily exposure through 5 days resulted in progressive deterioration of health indicated by irritation to skin and mucous membranes (gangrene of extremities, exudate around eyes and nose) and breathing difficulties; 6/10 males and 3/10 females died within the first 12 days of the study
1, 6, 31 mg/cubic m: no clinical signs of irritation or toxicity
Mortality see Table 3
BODY WEIGHT AND WEIGHT GAIN
124 mg/square m: significant decrease in body weight
1, 6, 31 mg/square m: no statistically significant effects
HAEMATOLOGY
124 mg/square m: generalized decrease in PCV, RBC count, hemoglobin (it is difficult to assess whether this was a significant treatment related effect, because no control rats were killed simultaneously on day 12th of the study); the WBC count was also decreased (considered highly significant in comparison with historical controls) and coincided with the severe debilated state of surviving rats on day 12 of the study
1, 6, 31 mg/square m: no statistically significant effects
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
1, 6, 31 mg/square m: no toxicologically significant effects
URINALYSIS
1, 6, 31 mg/square m: no treatment related effects
ORGAN WEIGHTS
1, 6, 31 mg/square m: no treatment related effects
GROSS PATHOLOGY
124 mg/square m: urine and fecal staining in the perineal region; debris around the eyes, external nares or extremities; porphyrin pigment around the nose, eyes, or both; cyanotic or hyperemic appearance of the extremities; dry gangrene of the feet, limbs, or tail; depletion of adipose tissue; variations in color (usually darker, hyperemic or congested) of several internal organs such as liver, kidney, lungs and nasal mucosa; decreased contents in the gastrointestinal tract; edema, ulcerations or erosions of the stomach; thymic athrophy; corneal cloudiness of the eyes
1, 6, 31 mg/cubic m: no treatment related effects
HISTOPATHOLOGY: NON-NEOPLASTIC
124 mg/cubic m: upper respiratory tract changes, including inflammation, erosions or ulcerations of the trachea and nasal turbinates, focal epithelial hyperplasia of tracheal mucosa and squamous metaplasia of the mucosa of the nasal turbinates (males); an apparent decrease in the amount ot secretory material in the pancreatic acini (more prominent in males than in females); changes in nonglandular stomach, including submucosal edema, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, inflammation, erosions and ulcerations (prominent in males, but not in females); hyperkeratosis of the esophageal mucosa in 2/10 males; depletion of cortical and/or paracortical lymphocytes in the mesenteric lymph nodes; depletion of the germinal centers in the spleen; thymic athrophy with or without necrotic debris and hemorrhage; extremities with necrosis, inflammation, ulcerations, fibrin thrombi in blood vessels, and edema (more common in females than in males); eyes with increased corneal vascularization, corneal ulceration and erosions, and corneal inflammation (more common in males than in females)
1, 6, 31 mg/cubic m: no treatment related effects
OTHER FINDINGS
124 mg/cubic m: decreased lipid content in livers
31 mg/cubic m: no effect on lipid content in livers
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 31 mg/m³ air
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: absence of recognized treatment related effects on hematology, urinalysis, clinical chemistry, body weights, organ weights and pathology in rats exposed to 1, 6, or 31 mg/cubic m cumene hydroperoxide
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 3: Mortality
Exposure group (mg/cubic m) |
No. alive at start of the study
m f |
No. dying or killed moribund
m f |
No. terminated after 12 days m f |
No. presented alive or killed at the end of the study m f |
0 |
10 10 |
0 0 |
0 0 |
10 10 |
1* |
10 10 |
0 0 |
0 0 |
10 10 |
6 |
10 10 |
0 0 |
0 0 |
10 10 |
31 |
10 10 |
0 0 |
0 0 |
10 10 |
124** |
10 10 |
6 3 |
4 7 |
0 0 |
*: The 1 mg/cubic m exposure group was started 15 days later than the other groups and, therefore, received 10 fewer exposures than the 6, 31 mg/cubic m and control rats
**: The 124 mg/cubic m exposure group received 5 consecutive daily exposures and because of the high toxicity it was terminated on day 12th of the study
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The highest no adverse effect concentration in this study was judged to be 31 mg/cubic m which is equivalent to 5 ppm vapor exposure.
- Executive summary:
Male and female rats were exposed daily (6 h/day, 5 days/week) to 1, 6, 31 and 124 mg/cubic m cumene hydroperoxide delivered as aerosol over a period of 3 months. Inhalation of 124 mg/cubic m cumene hydroperoxide for 5 consecutive days resulted in decresed body weight and death of 6/10 males and 3/10 females, therefore exposure of this group was terminated after 5 day and all surviving rats were killed on day 12 of the study. Pathologic alterations in rats that died as well as those that survived at 124 mg/cubic m exposure level appeared to be the result of tissue irritation at the site of contact and included ulceration and inflammation of the cornea and eyes, nasal turbinates and lining of the stomach. Primary toxicologic effects following inhalation of124 mg/cubic m cumene hydroperoxide were consistent with those caused by a primary tissue irritant, other changes were judged by the authors as secondary effects and as caused by stress. These included thymic atrophy, depletion of lymphoid tissue in the germinal centers of some lymph nodes and the spleen, decreased lipid content of the liver and decreased circulating white blood cells. The exposure of 1, 6 or 31 mg/cubic m cumene hydroperoxide induced no substance related statistically significant effects on hematology, urinalysis, clinical chemistry, body weights, organ weights and pathology.
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