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EC number: 619-057-3 | CAS number: 94667-33-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study
- Remarks:
- Proprietary GLP guideline-compliant study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
- Report date:
- 1989
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- toxicokinetics
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 85-1 (Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- N,N-Didecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium Chloride
- IUPAC Name:
- N,N-Didecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium Chloride
- Reference substance name:
- 1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride
- Reference substance name:
- Didecyldimethylammonium chloride
- EC Number:
- 230-525-2
- EC Name:
- Didecyldimethylammonium chloride
- Cas Number:
- 7173-51-5
- Molecular formula:
- C22 H48 N.Cl
- IUPAC Name:
- N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride
- Reference substance name:
- Bardac 22
- IUPAC Name:
- Bardac 22
- Reference substance name:
- DDAC
- IUPAC Name:
- DDAC
- Details on test material:
- Bardac 22 with radiolabelled Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride
Bardac 22: didecyldimethylammonium chloride in aqueous/alcohol solution (DDAC; CAS RN 7173-51-5).
The non-radiolabelled substance is hydrolytically and photolytically stable under the conditions of this study and has been shown to be stable in aqueous, alcohol and alcohol/aqueous solutions for extended periods, e.g. at least seven years under standard laboratory conditions
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Constituent 3
Constituent 4
Constituent 5
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- The test animals were male and female Crl CD (SD)Br rats obtained from Charles River, Michigan. They were quarantined in individual cages for approximately 2 weeks. The rats were 8 weeks old at dosing and weighed 236-262 g. The rats were housed individually, and received food (Purina Rat Chow) and water ad libitum. The room temperature was maintained at 70±5°C, with a 12 hour light/dark cycle, and at least seven air changes per hour. All animals were examined during quarantine and prior to dosing to ensure they were healthy.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: oral gavage or dietary
- Vehicle:
- other: gavage: water, or mixed directly with diet
- Details on exposure:
- Experiment 1: the test substance was administered orally by gavage in distilled water.
Experiment 2: the test substance was administered orally by gavage in distilled water.
Experiment 3: non-radiolabelled test substance was administered in rodent diet for 14 days, following by a single gavage administration of 5 mg/kg bw radiolabelled Bardac 22.
Dosing solutions were prepared by placing a weighed amount of non-radiolabelled Bardac 22 into a glass vial and dissolving in sterile distilled water. An appropriate amount of 14C Bardac 22 was then added to the aqueous solution immediately prior to dosing. All gavage doses were administered at a constant volume of 10 ml/kg bw. All doses administered where in terms of actual Bardac 22 content.
Treated diet containing 100 ppm Bardac 22 was provided by Bushy Run Research Center. Treated diet containing 34 ppm was made by mixing with the 100 ppm diet with an appropriate additional amount of untreated diet. A sample of the 34 ppm was analysed at Bushy Run Research Center, and confirmed to contain 34 ppm. - Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- Experiments 1 and 2: Single gavage dose
Experiment 3: 14 days dietary exposure following by single gavage dose
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 5 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- Experiment 1: 5 mg/kg bw 14C Bardac 22
- Dose / conc.:
- 50 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- Experiment 2: 50 mg/kg bw 14C Bardac 22
- Dose / conc.:
- 5 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- Experiment 3: 34 ppm in diet non-radiolabelled, followed by 5 mg/kg 14C Bardac 22 by gavage
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- 5/sex/dose
- Control animals:
- no
- Positive control reference chemical:
- A positive control was not included.
- Details on study design:
- Rats were assigned to treatment groups using a weight stratified randomisation procedure.
Rats were fasted for approximately 18 hours prior to administration of 14C Bardac 22.
Three experiments were conducted. In experiments 1 and 2, rats received a single dose of radiolabelled test substance (low or high) via gavage. The post exposure period was 7 days. In experiment 3, the rats were exposed to non-radiolabelled test substance in the diet for 14 days, followed by a single gavage dose of 14C Bardac 22. - Details on dosing and sampling:
- A preliminary study had indicated that no 14CO2 was generated.
Following the single doses or the last dietary dose, urine and faeces were collected for 7 days at the following time intervals: 0-4, 4-8, 8-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-48, 48-72, 72-96, 96-120, 120-144 and 144-168 hours. The urine was freeze trapped and faeces were frozen upon collection. All urine, wash and faecal samples were stored at -15°C. Seven days after dosing. the animals were anaesthetised and euthanised by exsanguination. An aliquot of blood was taken and centrifuged to separate the plasma. The following tissues and organs were harvested: stomach, small intestine, large intestine, gastrointestinal tract contents, bone, brain, fat, testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, ovaries, uterus, heart, kidneys, adrenal glands, thyroid glands, liver, lungs, blood, muscle, spleen, pancreas, any tissues which displayed pathology and residual carcass. Each tissue was individually weighed and stored at -15°C until radioassay. - Statistics:
- Not applicable.
Results and discussion
- Preliminary studies:
- In a preliminary CO2 experiment, the males expired an average of 0.045% of dosed radioactivity as volatiles which were trapped in the ethanolamine/cellusolve mixture and designated as 14CO2. The females expired on average 0.053% of dosed radioactivity. Since no significant amount of volatiles were found, the rest of the studies were performed in hanging metal cages and the excretion of radioactivity in expired air was not investigated further.
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- Less than 1% was recovered in tissues in all experiments.
- Details on excretion:
- Experiment 1:
Males: 1.65% urine; 89.11% faeces
Female: 1.42% urine; 92.13% faeces
Total Recovery: 90.82 ± 7.30% - males; 93.56 ± 6.96% females
Experiment 2:
Males: 1.19% urine; 93.88% faeces
Female: 1.74% urine; 90.11% faeces
Total Recovery: 95.09 ± 1.92% - males; 91.88 ± 4.98% females
Experiment 3:
Males: 1.17 % urine; 99.46% faeces
Female: 2.36% urine; 91.93% faeces
Total Recovery: 100.94 ± 2.68% - males; 94.47 ± 4.62% females
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
- Details on metabolites:
- 4 major metabolites were identified. The only metabolism which occurred involved oxidation of the two decyl side chains to hydroxy and hydroxyketo derivatives; no modification on the methyl substituents was evidenced. All were more polar and presumed less toxic than the parent compound. It is predicted that there is no major metabolite greater than 10% of the dosed radioactivity.
Any other information on results incl. tables
There were no mortalities and no signs of toxicity in any animal.
Experiment 1: The male rats administered a single, low dose of Bardac 22 excreted an average of 1.65% of the dose in their urine and 89.11% in their faeces, and the females excreted 1.42% in urine and 92.13% in faeces. Most of the radioactivity recovered in the urine was excreted during the first 24 hours, significant amounts of radioactivity continued to be excreted in the faeces for 36 hours in males, up to 48 hours in females. An average of 90.77% of the dosed radioactivity was recovered in the urine and faeces for males, and 93.56% in females. The total residue in tissue and carcass ranged from 0.003% to 0.135% in all rats. The total recovery in male and female rats were 90.82 ± 7.30% and 93.56 ± 6.96%, respectively.
Experiment 2: The male rats administered a single, high dose of Bardac 22 excreted an average of 1.17% of the dose in their urine and 99.46% in their faeces, and the females excreted 2.36% in urine and 91.93% in faeces. Most of the radioactivity recovered in the urine was excreted during the first 48 hours in males and 72 -96 hours in females; significant amounts of radioactivity continued to be excreted in the faeces for 72 hours in males and 92 hours in females. An average of 100.64% of the dosed radioactivity was recovered in the urine and faeces for males, and 94.28% in females. The total residue in tissue and carcass ranged from 0.074% to 0.675% in all rats. The total recovery in male and female rats was 100.94 ± 2.68% and 94.47 ± 4.62%, respectively.
Experiment 3: The low-dose repeat administration male rats excreted an average of 1.19% of the dose in their urine and 93.88% in their faeces, and the females excreted 1.74% in urine and 90.11% in faeces. Most of the radioactivity recovered in the urine was excreted during the first 36 hours, significant amounts of radioactivity continued to be excreted in the faeces for 36 hours. An average of 95.07% of the dosed radioactivity was recovered in the urine and faeces for males, and 91.85% in females. The total residue in tissue and carcass ranged from 0.04% to 0.061% in all rats. The total recovery in male and female rats was 95.09 ± 19.2% and 91.88 ± 4.98%, respectively.
Metabolism study: The results indicated that there was a sex difference in the metabolism of Bardac 22 in all 3 experiments. Metabolism was more extensive in females. Additionally, a dose-dependent metabolism was observed in females, i.e. more parent was metabolised in the single low oral dose than in the single high oral dose. Approximately 90 -100% of the radioactivity was found in the faeces.
Most, if not all, the metabolism appears to be in the gut by intestinal microflora. Female rats metabolised the test substance more extensively. A dose dependent rate of metabolism was observed in female rats.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): no bioaccumulation potential based on study results
Absorption following oral administration was shown to be poor, with the large majority of the administered substance being excreted in the faeces and with evidence of metabolism by the gastrointestinal flora. Tissue residues were low and there is no evidence for bioaccumulation. - Executive summary:
Ten Sprague Dawley rats (male and female) per groups were dosed orally with radiolabelled Bardac 22 (DDAC). The study was conducted in three phases: Experiment 1 – single low gavage dose (5 mg/kg); Experiment 2 – single high gavage dose (50 mg/kg); Experiment 3 – 14-day repeated dietary exposure to 34 ppm non-radiolabelled Bardac 22 followed by a single low gavage dose (5 mg/kg bw). Following the single doses or the last dietary dose, urine and faeces were collected for 7 days. Tissues, urine and faeces were collected and analysed for radioactivity and faeces were analysed by TLC, HPLC and MS for metabolites and parent compound.
For all 3 experiments, approximately 89-99% of the radioactivity was recovered in the faeces and 2.5% in the urine. Tissue residues were all less than 1% of the administered dose. Four major metabolites were identified.
The majority of orally administered Bardac 22 is excreted via the faeces and appears to be metabolised in the gut of rats, apparently by microflora. Metabolism in females was greater than in males and lower doses were more extensively metabolised than higher doses in females. No tissue accumulation of the test substance was observed. Repeated dosing did not alter the uptake, distribution or metabolism of Bardac 22.
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