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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 444-860-9 | CAS number: 474510-57-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_environmental-fate-and-pathways.png)
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2003-01-06 to 2003-02-06
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: ARA Ergolz II, Füllinsdorf, Switzerland
- Laboratory culture: no
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The sludge was washed twice with tap water by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. A homogenized aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, thereafter dried and the ratio of wet to dry weight was calculated.
Based on this ratio, calculated amounts of wet sludge were suspended in test water to obtain a concentration equivalent to 4 g (± 10%) dry material per liter. During holding, the sludge was aerated at room temperature until use. Prior to use, the sludge was diluted with test water to a concentration of 1 g per liter (dry weight basis).
- Concentration of sludge: Defined volumes of this diluted activated sludge were added to test water to obtain a final concentration of 30 mg dry material per liter.
- Water filtered: no - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 20.05 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 14.85 mg/L
- Based on:
- ThOD/L
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: The test water was prepared according to the testing guidelines.
- Additional substrate: no
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used): test water
- Test temperature: 22 - 24°C.
- pH: 7.8 to 7.4
- pH adjusted: yes (with a diluted hydrochloric acid solution)
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 5-liter flasks (amber glass)
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: between 2400 and 3000 mL of untreated test medium
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Samples were taken on Day 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 19, 23, 27, 28 and 29.
- Sample storage before analysis: After sampling on Day 28, the pH was measured in each test flask. Next, 1 mL of concentrated HCI was added to each test flask and the flasks were aerated overnight to drive off any residual CO2 present. On Day 29, a sample of each absorber flasks was withdrawn and analyzed for IC to determine residual CO2 which was present in the test suspensions on Day 28. In this way, any residual CO2 remaining in the test suspensions was determined as the difference between the amount of IC found before and after acidification.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: yes
- Toxicity control: yes - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- -2.3
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The CO2 production of the test item in the test media was slightly below the CO2 production of the inoculum controls.
- Results with reference substance:
- At the end of the test (Day 28), the reference item was degraded by an average of 94%.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- The test substance is not readily biodegradable (by OECD criteria).
- Executive summary:
In this guideline (OECD 301B) study conducted with GLP certification, the test material (EC 444-860-9) was determined to be not readily biodegradable.
Reference
The percent biodegradation of the test item was calculated based on a total carbon content (TOC) of 0.74 mg C/mg test item. The CO2 production of the test item in the test media was slightly below the CO2 production of the inoculum controls. Consequently, the test item was found to be not biodegradable under the test conditions within 28 days.
No significant degradation of the test item occurred in the abiotic control under the test conditions.
Description of key information
Study conducted to recognised testing guidelines with GLP certification.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
The test substance is not readily biodegradable (by OECD criteria). It is poorly biodegradable.
The biodegradability of the test substance was investigated in a GLP test performed according to OECD guideline 301B. Using non-adapted domestic sludge no biodegradation was observed after 28 days (RCC Ltd. 2003).
A supporting study according OECD 301C is available (Institute of Ecotoxicology Co., Ltd. 2004). After 28 d no biodegradation was observed. Therefore, the test substance was not readily biodegradable under the conditions of these tests.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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