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EC number: 247-666-0 | CAS number: 26401-97-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 17 August 2016 to 31 August 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- other: read-across target
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 13 April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Test concentration analysis was done at Auriga Research Ltd, Unit-III, No. 136, 6th Cross, 2nd Stage, Yeshwanthpur industrial suburb, Bangalore-560022.
During range finding study and main study, samples from all the test concentrations was collected at 0 hour on day 0 for the analysis of test concentration and at 48 hour on day 2 for stability analysis. The samples were collected from the central point of the test vessel. The validated analytical method for determination of test concentrations analysis of DOTE was used for analytics.
The test concentration samples were collected in duplicates (2 x 10 mL) for each test concentrations including vehicle control and transferred at ambient condition for test concentration confirmation analysis to Auriga Research Ltd, Unit-III, No. 136, 6th Cross, 2nd Stage, Yeshwanthpur industrial suburb, Bangalore-560022. Results are based on measured concentration, the concentration of test substance has been satisfactorily maintained within 20 percent of nominal concentration. - Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- Based on the in house dissolution test DOTE was miscible in DMSO (100 µL/L) and reconstituted water. Hence DMSO (100µL/L) and reconstituted water will be selected as the vehicle for preparation of test item formulation.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- In house maintained Daphnia magna procured, from Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Division, Department of Zoology, Karnataka University, Karnataka, India.
Young daphnids less than 24 h old. (Derived from healthy stock showing no signs of stress, such as high mortality rate, discolored daphnids, presence of male and ephippia, delay in the production of the first brood). - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- Duration of the experiment was 48 hour. Experiment was conducted in static condition i.e., the test media was not renewed until completion of the exposure period of 48 hour
- Hardness:
- 216-220 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 20.2-20.3 °C
- pH:
- 6.29-3.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- At the end of Test
7.16 mg/ in control
7.10 in test vessels - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Range Finding Study
A range finding (RF) study with 6 concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L of DOTE was used along with controls (negative and solvent) to find out the range of the lethal concentrations.
Main Study
Based on results of the range finding study, the main study was conducted at the scattered concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 20.0 and 40 mg/L specified by the sponsor (rationale of concentration spaced is not as per geometric factor specified in guideline, OECD 203 Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilization Test) along with the control groups (negative and solvent groups). - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 24.12 mg/L
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 48 hour acute median effective concentration (EC50) of Potassium dichromate on Daphnia was 0.90 mg/L[RC1] (BIO-ET 051). This 48 hour EC50 of Potassium dichromate lie in the validity criteria acceptance range (0.60 to 2.12 mg/L) towards test system response and test procedure followed. Hence this test with reference standard establishes the acceptability of test system response and test procedure followed.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the results of the experiment and under the experimental conditions employed, it can be concluded that the 48 hour acute median effective concentration (EC50) of DOTE on Daphnia is 24.12 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The test material, DOTE, was evaluated for 48-hour acute toxicity on Daphnia in accordance with OECD Guideline No. 202, “Daphina sp., Acute Immobilisation Test”.
This study of DOTE on Daphnia was performed to determine the 48 hour 50% Effective Concentration (EC50) for immobility and to determine Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) and No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC).
Daphnids were exposed for the test material under static conditions. Daphnids were observed at 24 and 48 hours for signs of toxicity and immobility during exposure. For the range finding study duplicate containers of 5 daphnids at each concentration plus control groups (negative and solvent) were used. Daphnids were exposed to test concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L of DOTE. Cumulative immobility of 10.0, 10.0, 20.0, 40.0 and 100.0 %, respectively, was observed within the DOTE test groups. There were recorded observations of daphnids localised on the bottom of the container at the tested concentration of 1.0 mg/L. Lethargy in addition to daphnids localised on the bottom of container were observed at the tested concentrations of 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L of DOTE during the 48 hours of observation period. No clinical signs or immobility were observed in negative or solvent controls during the 48 hour exposure period. Based on the results of the range finding study, the main study was conducted at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 20.0 and 40.0 mg/L of DOTE in the aqueous test medium. Quadruplicate containers of 5 daphnids at each concentration plus negative and solvent controls were included.
Cumulative immobility of 0.0, 10.0, 15.0, 30.0, 55.0 and 100.0% was observed at DOTE test concentrations 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 20.0 and 40.0 mg/L, respectively. No clinical signs or immobility were observed in negative or solvent controls during the 48 hour exposure period. Daphnids were observed localised on the bottom of container at the tested concentration of 0.1 mg/L Lethargy was observed in addition to daphnids localised on the bottom of container at the tested concentrations of 1.0, 5.0, 20.0 and 40.0 mg/L. No clinical signs or immobility were observed in negative or solvent controls or at the test concentration of 0.05 mg/L DOTE during the 48 hour exposure period.
The test concentrations at the 0 hour were analytically confirmed to be within in the acceptable range of ± 20% recovey to the nominal concentrations.
Based on the above results of the experiment and under the experimental conditions employed, it can be concluded that the 48 hour acute median effective concentration (EC50) of DOTE on Daphnia is 24.12 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted on read-across material
- Justification for type of information:
- Read-across to structurally similar substance Dioctyltin bis (2-ethylhexylmercaptoacetate) (DOTE) (CAS No. 15571-58-1), see attached justification.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 24.12 mg/L
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Read-Across to structurally similar substance DOTE (CAS 15571-58-1)
Based on the results of the experiment and under the experimental conditions employed, it can be concluded that the 48 hour acute median effective concentration (EC50) of DOTE on Daphnia is 24.12 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 24.12 mg/L
Additional information
Read-across to structurally similar substance Dioctyltin bis (2-ethylhexylmercaptoacetate) (DOTE) (CAS No. 15571-58-1).
The test material, DOTE, was evaluated for 48-hour acute toxicity on Daphnia in accordance with OECD Guideline No. 202, “Daphina sp., Acute Immobilisation Test”.
This study of DOTE on Daphnia was performed to determine the 48 hour 50% Effective Concentration (EC50) for immobility and to determine Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) and No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC).The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
Daphnids were exposed for the test material under static conditions. Daphnids were observed at 24 and48 hours for signs of toxicity and immobility during exposure.For the range finding study duplicate containers of 5 daphnids at each concentration plus control groups (negative and solvent) were used. Daphnids were exposed to test concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L of DOTE. Cumulative immobility of 10.0, 10.0, 20.0, 40.0 and 100.0%, respectively, was observed within the DOTE test groups. There were recorded observations of daphnids localised on the bottom of the container at the tested concentration of 1.0 mg/L. Lethargy in addition to daphnids localised on the bottom of container were observed at the tested concentrations of 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L of DOTE during the 48 hours of observation period. No clinical signs or immobility were observed in negative or solvent controls during the 48 hour exposure period.Based on the results of the range finding study, the main study was conducted at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 20.0 and 40.0 mg/L of DOTE in the aqueous test medium. Quadruplicate containers of 5 daphnids at each concentration plus negative and solvent controls were included.
Cumulative immobility of 0.0, 10.0, 15.0, 30.0, 55.0 and 100.0% was observed at DOTE test concentrations 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 20.0 and 40.0 mg/L, respectively. No clinical signs or immobility were observed in negative or solvent controls during the 48 hour exposure period.Daphnids were observed localised on the bottom of container at the tested concentration of 0.1 mg/L Lethargy was observed in addition to daphnids localised on the bottom of container at the tested concentrations of 1.0, 5.0, 20.0 and 40.0 mg/L. No clinical signs or immobility were observed in negative or solvent controls or at the test concentration of 0.05 mg/L DOTE during the 48 hour exposure period.
The test concentrations at the 0 hour were analytically confirmed to be within in the acceptable range of ± 20% recovey to the nominal concentrations.
Based on the above results of the experiment and under the experimental conditions employed, it can be concluded that the 48 hour acute median effective concentration (EC50) of DOTE on Daphniais 24.12 mg/L.
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