Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 208-168-9 | CAS number: 513-78-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu./o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 0.19 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 2
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 1.14 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 2
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 20 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 1.8 mg/kg sediment dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.64 mg/kg sediment dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 0.9 mg/kg soil dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC oral
- PNEC value:
- 0.16 mg/kg food
- Assessment factor:
- 10
Additional information
A basic assumption made in this hazard assessment and throughout this CSR, (in accordance to the same assumption made in the EU RA process) is that the ecotoxicity of cadmium and cadmium compounds is due to the Cd++ion. As a consequence, all aquatic, sediment and terrestrial toxicity data in this report are expressed as “cadmium”, not as the test compound as such, because ionic cadmium is considered to be the causative factor for toxicity. A further consequence of this is that all ecotoxicity data obtained on different cadmium compounds, are mutually relevant for each other. For that reason, the available ecotoxicity databases related to cadmium and the different cadmium compounds are combined before calculating the PNECs. The only way cadmium compounds can differ in this respect is in their capacity to release cadmium ions into (environmental) solution. That effect is checked eventually in the transformation/dissolution tests and may result in different classifications.
Conclusion on classification
The classification of CdCO3, which is a soluble substance, is made by considering the ecotoxicity reference values for acute, and chronic aquatic effects, i.e.: 18 µg Cd/l and 0.210 µg Cd/l, resp. (ECB 2007).
Classification under Annex I dangerous substances directive 67/548/EEC
Under directive 67/548/EECCdCO3was classified as N, R50/53 (very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment; cfr “group classification “Cd compounds” in Annex I dangerous substances directive 67/548/EEC).
Revised classification under2nd Adaptation to Technical Progress (ATP) to the CLP Regulation (2ndATP CLP)
Accordingly, under CLP, this classification listed in Annex I to Directive 67/548/EEC was translated as acute 1 (H400) - chronic 1 (H410) (very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects) according to Annex VI of the EU CLP Regulation (EU 2008).
Further, the acute reference value 18 µg/l results in an M-factor of 10.
For setting the chronic M-factor, the reference value of 0.21µg/l is considered against the classification criteria for chronic aquatic effects.
For setting these criteria, the “degradability” of the substance needs to be determined. Cadmium, like all metals, is an element, and therefore the criterion “degradability” cannot be applied as it is for organic substances. As a surrogate for assessing “degradability”, the concept of “removal from the water column” was developed to assess whether or not a given metal ion would remain present in the water column upon addition (and thus be able to excert a chronic effect) or would be rapidly removed from the water column. In this concept, “rapid removal” (defined as >70% removal within 28 days) is considered as equivalent to “rapidly degradable”. Under section 4.6., the rapid removal of Cadmium from the water column is documented. Consequently, the metal is considered as equivalent to being ‘rapidly degradable” in the context of classification for chronic aquatic effects. As a result, the chronic reference value results in an M-factor of 10 (chronic 1 criterion = 10µg/l).
In conclusion,CdCO3is classified under CLP as H400, H410. The M-factor for both acute and chronic aquatic effects is 10.
General discussion
A basic assumption made in this hazard assessment and throughout this CSR, (in accordance to the same assumption made in the EU RA process) is that the ecotoxicity of cadmium and cadmium compounds is due to the Cd++ion. As a consequence, all aquatic, sediment and terrestrial toxicity data in this report are expressed as “cadmium”, not as the test compound as such, because ionic cadmium is considered to be the causative factor for toxicity. A further consequence of this is that all ecotoxicity data obtained on different cadmium compounds, are mutually relevant for each other. For that reason, the available ecotoxicity databases related to cadmium and the different cadmium compounds are combined before calculating the PNECs.
The only way cadmium compounds can differ in this respect is in their capacity to release cadmium ions into (environmental) solution. That effect is checked eventually in the transformation/dissolution tests and may result in different classifications.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
![ECHA](/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/echa_logo.png)