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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 208-168-9 | CAS number: 513-78-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
In general, BCF and BAF data show an inverse relationship to exposure concentrations.
BCF's for cadmium are highest in algae and lowest in fish. In algae, external adsorption of Cd is one of the reasons for high BCF. Hardness and Cd concentration in the water are inversely related to BCF.
Median BCF (per dry weight) reported in the EU risk assessment (ECB 2008) are: 115116 (algae), 5000 (invertebrates), 233 (vertebrates)
The risk assessment mentions a median BAF for vertebrates of 167. Highest BAF is observed for the invertebrate Hyalella (170000), at a very low Cd concentration.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
BCF's for cadmium are highest in algae and lowest in fish; High BCF in algae does not necessarily reflect high bioconcentration, because a significant part of the Cd is absorbed to the outer side of the organisms, and not taken up. Another factor of error is the lack of gut clearance in invertebrates. Organs (kidney, liver) contain most Cd.
Main influencing factors for Cd BCF are hardness and Cd concentration in the water. Increasing water hardness reduces Cd uptake. BCF is also inversely related to Cd concentration in water.
McGeer et al (2003) recently extensively the reviewed evidence on bioconcentration and bioaccumulation of cadmium as a function of exposure concentration in a number of taxonomic groups (algae, molluscs, arthropods, annelids, salmonid fish, cyprinid fish, and other fish). The data clearly illustrated that there is a significant degree of control on internal cadmium content. In general, BCF data showed an inverse relationship to exposure concentrations. In all cases, the relationship of BCF to exposure was significant and negative. The slopes of the BCF/BAF – exposure relations were: algae: -0.72, insects: -0.32, arthropods: -0.61, molluscs: -0.50, salmonids: -0.87, Centrarchids: -0.47, Killifish: -0.05, other fish: -0.72. Overall, species mean slope was -0.49 +/- 0.04 (McGeer et al 2003. Environm. Toxicology & Chemistry, vol 22, nr 5, 1017 -1037).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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